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In enzymology, the turnover number (k cat) is defined as the limiting number of chemical conversions of substrate molecules per second that a single active site will execute for a given enzyme concentration [E T] for enzymes with two or more active sites. [1] For enzymes with a single active site, k cat is referred to as the catalytic constant. [2]
In game theory, the one-shot deviation principle (also known as the single-deviation property [1]) is a principle used to determine whether a strategy in a sequential game constitutes a subgame perfect equilibrium [2]. An SPE is a Nash equilibrium where no player has an incentive to deviate in any subgame.
Cooperative game theory is a branch of game theory that deals with the study of games where players can form coalitions, cooperate with one another, and make binding agreements. The theory offers mathematical methods for analysing scenarios in which two or more players are required to make choices that will affect other players wellbeing. [5]
Quasi-perfect equilibrium is a refinement of Nash Equilibrium for extensive form games due to Eric van Damme. [1]Informally, a player playing by a strategy from a quasi-perfect equilibrium takes observed as well as potential future mistakes of his opponents into account but assumes that he himself will not make a mistake in the future, even if he observes that he has done so in the past.
The 2008 novel The Dark Forest by Liu Cixin explores the relationship between extraterrestrial life, humanity, and game theory. Joker, the prime antagonist in the 2008 film The Dark Knight presents game theory concepts—notably the prisoner's dilemma in a scene where he asks passengers in two different ferries to bomb the other one to save ...
Chemical game theory is an alternative model of game theory that represents and solves problems in strategic interactions, or contested human decision making. Differences with traditional game theory concepts include the use of metaphorical molecules called “knowlecules”, [1] [2] which represent choices and decisions among players in the game.
In game theory and related fields, a game form, game frame, ruleset, or outcome function is the set of rules that govern a game and determine its outcome based on each player's choices. A game form differs from a game in that it does not stipulate the utilities or payoffs for each agent.
The intuitive criterion is a technique for equilibrium refinement in signaling games.It aims to reduce possible outcome scenarios by restricting the possible sender types to types who could obtain higher utility levels by deviating to off-the-equilibrium messages, and to types for which the off-the-equilibrium message is not equilibrium dominated.