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Wikipedia avoids unnecessary capitalization.In English, capitalization is primarily needed for proper names, acronyms, and for the first letter of a sentence. [a] Wikipedia relies on sources to determine what is conventionally capitalized; only words and phrases that are consistently capitalized in a substantial majority of independent, reliable sources are capitalized in Wikipedia.
When a name with either prefix occurs in all upper-case context of any kind, including a headline, lowercase the c or ac; if lowercase type is unavailable use small capitals: MACARTHUR, MCCLELLAN. Alphabetize such names as if all the letters were lowercase: Mabley, MacAdam, Maynard, McNeil. So that addresses both issues as far as American usage.
Do not capitalize the second or subsequent words in an article title, unless the title is a proper name. For multiword page titles, one should leave the second and subsequent words in lowercase unless the title phrase is a proper name that would always occur capitalized , even mid-sentence.
Following an official name change, Wikipedia does not automatically switch to the new one, but follows the most common usage in independent reliable sources written after the change. Previous names are often better placed in the article body (e.g. under a "History" section) than in the lead, especially if there are several of them.
month–month: the 1940 peak period was May–July; the peak period was May–July 1940; (but the peak period was May 1940 – July 1940 uses a spaced en dash; see below) In certain cases where at least one item on either side of the en dash contains a space, then a spaced en dash ( {{ snd }} ) is used.
Capitalize other titles only when they precede the name, else they are lower case. Examples: den leader; district executive; council commissioner; adviser (when referring to an Order of the Arrow adviser) When a title includes words that are capitalized per the first rule, only those words are capitalized unless it precedes the name. Examples:
President Donald Trump has an unusual writing style that has caught the attention of linguists and writing experts. The president has been criticized for his unconventional way of capitalizing ...
Names referring to more than one species (e.g., horse or cat) are always in lower case. Botanists generally do not capitalize the common names of plants, though individual words in plant names may be capitalized for another reason: (Italian stone pine). See the discussion of official common names under common name for an explanation.