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2. Tincture of iodine - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tincture_of_iodine

   USP Tincture of Iodine is defined in the U.S. National Formulary (NF) as containing in each 100 mL, 1.8 to 2.2 grams of elemental iodine, and 2.1 to 2.6 grams of sodium iodide. Alcohol is 50 mL, and the balance is purified water. This "2% free iodine" solution has 0.08 mol/L of I 2, which provides about 1 mg of free iodine per 0.05 mL drop. The ...

3. Lugol's iodine - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lugol's_iodine

   Lugol's iodine is a liquid made up of two parts potassium iodide for every one part elemental iodine in water. [8] Lugol's iodine was first made in 1829 by the French physician Jean Lugol. [7] [8] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [9] [10] Lugol's iodine is available as a generic medication and over the ...

4. Iodine (medical use) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iodine_(medical_use)

   Iodine-131 (usually as iodide) is a component of nuclear fallout, and is particularly dangerous owing to the thyroid gland's propensity to concentrate ingested iodine and retain it for periods longer than this isotope's radiological half-life of eight days. For this reason, people at risk of exposure to environmental radioactive iodine (iodine ...

5. Thyroidectomy - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroidectomy

   A lobectomy of the thyroid gland A total thyroidectomy. Hemithyroidectomy — Entire isthmus is removed along with 1 lobe. Done in benign diseases of only 1 lobe. Subtotal thyroidectomy — Removal of majority of both lobes leaving behind 4-5 grams (equivalent to the size of a normal thyroid gland) of thyroid tissue on one or both sides—this used to be the most common operation for ...

6. Hashimoto's thyroiditis - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hashimoto's_thyroiditis

   Data from the Danish Investigation of Iodine Intake and Thyroid Disease shows that within two cohorts (males, females) with moderate and mild iodine deficiency, the levels of both thyroid peroxidase and thyroglobulin antibodies are higher in females, and prevalence rates of both antibodies increase with age.

7. Wolff–Chaikoff effect - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wolff–Chaikoff_effect

   Only the Wolff–Chaikoff effect is helpful to prevent the thyroid from uptaking radioactive iodine in the case of nuclear emergencies. Therefore, "plummering" with high-dose iodine is only effective in a short time window after the release of radionuclides. [15] Wrong timing of iodine use may even increase the risk by triggering the Plummer ...

8. Propylthiouracil - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propylthiouracil

   Thyroid hormone synthesis, with the oxidation step labeled at center-left. PTU inhibits the enzyme thyroperoxidase, which normally acts in thyroid hormone synthesis by oxidizing the anion iodide (I −) to iodine (I 0), facilitating iodine's addition to tyrosine residues on the hormone precursor thyroglobulin.

9. Thyroid blocker - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thyroid_blocker

   If a person consumes a dose of one of these chemical compounds, his or her thyroid may saturate with stable iodine, preventing accumulation of radioactive iodine found after a nuclear meltdown or explosion.