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Structure of the classical cephalosporins. The cephalosporins (sg. / ˌ s ɛ f ə l ə ˈ s p ɔːr ɪ n, ˌ k ɛ-,-l oʊ-/ [1] [2]) are a class of β-lactam antibiotics originally derived from the fungus Acremonium, which was previously known as Cephalosporium. [3] Together with cephamycins, they constitute a subgroup of β-lactam antibiotics ...
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Cephalosporins (Third generation) Cefixime (antagonistic with Chloramphenicol) [6] Cefspan (Fujisawa), Suprax: Improved coverage of Gram-negative organisms, except Pseudomonas. Reduced Gram-positive cover. But still not cover Mycoplasma and Chlamydia: Gastrointestinal upset and diarrhea; Nausea (if alcohol taken concurrently) Allergic reactions
This is a list of common β-lactam antibiotics—both administered drugs and those not in clinical use—organized by structural class. Antibiotics are listed alphabetically within their class or subclass by their nonproprietary name. If an antibiotic is a combination drug, both ingredients will be listed.
β-Lactam antibiotics are indicated for the prevention and treatment of bacterial infections caused by susceptible organisms. At first, β-lactam antibiotics were mainly active only against gram-positive bacteria, yet the recent development of broad-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics active against various gram-negative organisms has increased their usefulness.
C. Carbacephem; Cefacetrile; Cefaclor; Cefadroxil; Cefalexin; Cefaloglycin; Cefalonium; Cefalotin; Cefamandole; Cefaparole; Cefapirin; Cefatrizine; Cefazaflur; Cefazedone
[18] [19] Tazobactam is partially metabolized to an inactive metabolite, and both drug and metabolite are excreted in the urine (80% as unchanged drug). [20] The half-life of ceftolozane is 2.5–3.0 hours, and the half-life of tazobactam is approximately 1.0 hour; the clearance of both drugs is directly proportional to renal function.
It is a second-generation cephalosporin and works by interfering with a bacteria's ability to make a cell wall resulting in its death. [5] Cefuroxime was patented in 1971 and approved for medical use in 1977. [7] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [8]