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A pelvic fracture is a break of the bony structure of the pelvis. [1] This includes any break of the sacrum, hip bones (ischium, pubis, ilium), or tailbone. [1] Symptoms include pain, particularly with movement. [1] Complications may include internal bleeding, injury to the bladder, or vaginal trauma. [2] [3]
An open fracture (or compound fracture) is a bone fracture where the broken bone breaks through the skin. [2] A bone fracture may be the result of high force impact or stress , or a minimal trauma injury as a result of certain medical conditions that weaken the bones, such as osteoporosis , osteopenia , bone cancer , or osteogenesis imperfecta ...
It can also affect the thigh, buttock, hand, abdomen, and foot. [19] [14] The most common cause of acute compartment syndrome is a fractured bone, usually the tibia. [14] [27] Leg compartment syndrome occurs in 1% to 10% of tibial fractures. [6] It is strongly linked to tibial diaphysis fractures and other tibial injuries. [28]
It is the most common reason for a broken bone among the elderly. [3] Bones that commonly break include the vertebrae in the spine, the bones of the forearm, the wrist, and the hip. [8] [9] Until a broken bone occurs there are typically no symptoms. Bones may weaken to such a degree that a break may occur with minor stress or spontaneously.
Tibial plateau fractures may be divided into low energy or high energy fractures. Low energy fractures are commonly seen in older females due to osteoporotic bone changes and are typically depressed fractures. High energy fractures are commonly the result of motor vehicle accidents, falls or sports related injuries.
A hip fracture is a break that occurs in the upper part of the femur (thigh bone), at the femoral neck or (rarely) the femoral head. [2] Symptoms may include pain around the hip , particularly with movement, and shortening of the leg. [ 2 ]
Risk factors include bone fractures, joint dislocations, alcoholism, and the use of high-dose steroids. [1] The condition may also occur without any clear reason. [1] The most commonly affected bone is the femur (thigh bone). [1] Other relatively common sites include the upper arm bone, knee, shoulder, and ankle. [1]
Symptoms may include pain, stiffness, and restricted movements of the affected areas. The majority of people with DISH are not symptomatic, [3] and the findings are an incidental imaging abnormality. In some, the x-ray findings may correspond to symptoms of back stiffness with flexion/extension or with mild back pain. [2]