Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
The cause of CIN is chronic infection of the cervix with HPV, especially infection with high-risk HPV types 16 or 18. It is thought that the high-risk HPV infections have the ability to inactivate tumor suppressor genes such as the p53 gene and the RB gene, thus allowing the infected cells to grow unchecked and accumulate successive mutations, eventually leading to cancer.
This disease can progress to invasive cancer (squamous cell carcinoma) of the cervix. Cervical squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL), previously called cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), is a form of dysplasia that can progress to cervical cancer. The term carcinoma in situ may be used interchangeably with high-grade SIL. [8]
Cervical cancer is a cancer arising from the cervix or in any layer of the wall of the cervix. [2] It is due to the abnormal growth of cells that can invade or spread to other parts of the body. [12] Early on, typically no symptoms are seen. [2] Later symptoms may include abnormal vaginal bleeding, pelvic pain or pain during sexual intercourse. [2]
Of all women with HSIL results, 2% [8] or less [9] have invasive cervical cancer at that time, however about 20% would progress to having invasive cervical cancer without treatment. [ 10 ] [ needs update ] To combat this progression, HSIL is usually followed by an immediate colposcopy with biopsy to sample or remove the dysplastic tissue.
VAIN 3 is also known as carcinoma in-situ, or stage 0 vaginal cancer. [3] Infection with certain types of the human papillomavirus ("high-risk types") may be associated with up to 80% of cases of VAIN. [4] Vaccinating with HPV vaccine before initial sexual contact has been shown to reduce incidence of VAIN. [5]
Signs and symptoms are not mutually exclusive, for example a subjective feeling of fever can be noted as sign by using a thermometer that registers a high reading. [7] Because many symptoms of cancer are gradual in onset and general in nature, cancer screening (also called cancer surveillance) is a key public health priority. This may include ...
Cervical cancer is a type of gynecological cancer that begins from cells lining the cervix, the lower part of the uterus. [14] Cervical cancer begins when the cells that line the cervix become abnormal and grow in a pattern that is atypical for non-cancerous cells. [14] Cervical cancer is typically first identified with an abnormal pap smear. [14]
Sometimes, the term "precancer" is also used for carcinoma in situ, which is a noninvasive cancer that has not grown and spread to nearby tissue, unlike the invasive stage. As with other precancerous conditions, not all carcinoma in situ will become an invasive disease but is at risk of doing so.