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Volvox is a polyphyletic genus in the volvocine green algae clade. [2] Each mature Volvox colony is composed of up to thousands of cells from two differentiated cell types: numerous flagellate somatic cells and a smaller number of germ cells lacking in soma that are embedded in the surface of a hollow sphere or coenobium containing an ...
Nostoc, also known as star jelly, troll's butter, spit of moon, fallen star, witch's butter (not to be confused with the fungi commonly known as witches' butter), and witch's jelly, is the most common genus of cyanobacteria found in a variety of both aquatic and terrestrial environments that may form colonies composed of filaments of moniliform cells in a gelatinous sheath of polysaccharides. [1]
Volvox carteri [1] is a species of colonial green algae in the order Volvocales. [2] The V. carteri life cycle includes a sexual phase and an asexual phase.V. carteri forms small spherical colonies, or coenobia, of 2000–6000 Chlamydomonas-type somatic cells and 12–16 large, potentially immortal reproductive cells called gonidia. [3]
Volvocine algae range from the unicellular Chlamydomonas to the multicellular Volvox through various intermediate forms and are used as a model for research into the evolution of multicellularity. The spheroidal colony is thought to have evolved twice independently within this group: once in the Volvocaceae, from Pandorina to Volvox, and the ...
Multicellular Volvox shows a higher level of complexity, with differentiation between interior germ cells and somatic cells dedicated to propulsion. Despite lacking a central nervous system to coordinate its cells, Volvox exhibits accurate phototaxis. This is also achieved by an adaptive response to changing light levels, with a response time ...
Protista is still a kingdom. Monera, however, is now two kingdoms, Archaebacteria and Eubacteria. Also, many protists are plant-like while some are animal-like or fungi-like, but belong in none of these three kingdoms. Volvox is a green algae, which are plant-like protists. Volvox also does not have many of the characteristics of a plant.
Desulfovibrio desulfuricans is a Gram-negative sulfate-reducing bacteria. It is generally found in soil, water, and the stools of animals, although in rare cases it has been found to cause infection in humans. [2] It is particularly noted for its ability to produce methyl mercury. [3]
Desulfovibrio vulgaris is the best-studied sulfate-reducing microorganism species; the bar in the upper right is 0.5 micrometre long.. Sulfate-reducing microorganisms (SRM) or sulfate-reducing prokaryotes (SRP) are a group composed of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) and sulfate-reducing archaea (SRA), both of which can perform anaerobic respiration utilizing sulfate (SO 2−