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2. Little Joe (rocket) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Joe_(rocket)

   Little Joe was a solid-fueled booster rocket used by NASA for eight launches from 1959 to 1961 from Wallops Island, Virginia to test the launch escape system and heat shield for Project Mercury capsules, as well as the name given to the test program using the booster. The first rocket designed solely for crewed spacecraft qualifications, Little ...

3. Project Mercury - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Mercury

   The Little Joe rocket used solid-fuel propellant and was originally designed in 1958 by NACA for suborbital crewed flights, but was redesigned for Project Mercury to simulate an Atlas-D launch. [105] It was produced by North American Aviation. [119]

4. Little Joe 2 - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Joe_2

   Little Joe 2. The Little Joe 2 was a test of the Mercury space capsule, carrying the rhesus monkey Sam (Macaca mulatta) close to the edge of space. He was sent to test the space equipment and the adverse effects of space on humans. The flight was launched December 4, 1959, at 11:15 a.m. ET from Wallops Island, Virginia, United States.

5. Mercury-Redstone Launch Vehicle - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercury-Redstone_Launch...

   The Mercury-Redstone Launch Vehicle, designed for NASA 's Project Mercury, was the first American crewed space booster. It was used for six sub-orbital Mercury flights from 1960–1961; culminating with the launch of the first, and 11 weeks later, the second American (and the second and third humans) in space.

6. Little Joe II - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Joe_II

   Little Joe II. Little Joe II was an American rocket used from 1963 to 1966 for five uncrewed tests of the Apollo spacecraft launch escape system (LES), and to verify the performance of the command module parachute recovery system in abort mode. It was named after a similar rocket designed for the same function in Project Mercury.

7. Big Joe 1 - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Joe_1

   Big Joe 1. Big Joe 1 at LC-14 in September 1959. Big Joe 1 (Atlas -10D) launched an uncrewed boilerplate Mercury capsule from Cape Canaveral, Florida on 9 September 1959. The purposes of the Big Joe 1 were to test the Mercury spacecraft ablative heat shield, afterbody heating, reentry dynamics attitude control and recovery capability.