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Detail of folio 8 recto from the Aberdeen Bestiary, the tiger. The works in this group are based principally on Isidore's Etymologiæ with significant additional material from Solinus, Saint Ambrose's Hexameron, [5] [6] Rabanus Maurus and others: [7] Aberdeen Bestiary (Aberdeen University Library MS 24) Brussels, Bibliothèque Royale 8340
Iceland spar, possibly the medieval sunstone used to locate the Sun in the sky when clouds obstruct it from view. The sunstone (Icelandic: sólarsteinn) is a type of mineral attested in several 13th–14th-century written sources in Iceland, one of which describes its use to locate the Sun in a completely overcast sky.
A bestiary (Latin: bestiarium vocabulum) is a compendium of beasts. Originating in the ancient world , bestiaries were made popular in the Middle Ages in illustrated volumes that described various animals and even rocks.
Sunstone is a microcline or oligoclase feldspar, which when viewed from certain directions exhibits a spangled appearance. It has been found in Southern Norway , Sweden , various United States localities and on some beaches along the midcoast of South Australia.
Detail of a miniature of elephants, which were known to have been ridden into battle in India carrying castles on their backs; folio 11v. [1]The Rochester Bestiary (London, British Library, Royal MS 12 F.xiii) is a richly illuminated manuscript copy of a medieval bestiary, a book describing the appearance and habits of a large number of familiar and exotic animals, both real and legendary.
The Aberdeen Bestiary (Aberdeen University Library, Univ Lib. MS 24) is a 12th-century English illuminated manuscript bestiary that was first listed in 1542 in the inventory of the Old Royal Library at the Palace of Westminster. [1] Due to similarities, it is often considered to be the "sister" manuscript of the Ashmole Bestiary. [1]
The Ashmole Bestiary is part of the Second-family of manuscript Latin bestiaries, wherein it is one of forty eight. The "Second-family" bestiary is the most popular and widely distributed type of these manuscripts. It is of English origin, with a spiritual text that catered to the prevailing culture of the church at the time.