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Catamenial pneumothorax is defined as at least two episodes of recurrent pneumothorax corresponding with menstruation. It was first described in 1958 when a woman presented with 12 episodes of right-sided pneumothorax over 1 year, recurring monthly with menstruation. Thoracotomy revealed thoracic endometriosis. [3]
Chest X-ray showing the features of pneumothorax on the left side of the person (right in image) It is not unusual for the mediastinum (the structure between the lungs that contains the heart, great blood vessels, and large airways) to be shifted away from the affected lung due to the pressure differences.
A chest radiograph, chest X-ray (CXR), or chest film is a projection radiograph of the chest used to diagnose conditions affecting the chest, its contents, and nearby structures. Chest radiographs are the most common film taken in medicine.
Chest x-ray showing an individual who had their right lung removed with fluid accumulating in the operated side. A pneumonectomy is a surgical procedure in which an entire lung is removed. A common reason for performing this procedure is for lung cancer originating in the lung itself. [ 19 ]
pneumothorax In radiology , the deep sulcus sign on a supine chest radiograph is an indirect indicator of a pneumothorax . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] In a supine film, it appears as a deep, lucent, ipsilateral costophrenic angle [ 3 ] within the nondependent portions of the pleural space as opposed to the apex (of the lung ) when the patient is upright.
A technique called pleurodesis can be used to intentionally create scar tissue within the pleural space, usually as a treatment for repeated episodes of a punctured lung, known as a pneumothorax, or for pleural effusions caused by cancer. While this procedure usually generates only limited scar tissue, in rare cases a fibrothorax can develop.
On a chest X-ray, the sail sign is a radiologic sign that suggests left lower lobe collapse. [1] In children, however, a sail sign could be normal, reflecting the shadow of the thymus. [2] The thymic sail sign or spinnaker-sail sign is due to elevation of the thymic lobes in the setting of pneumomediastinum. [3]
The diagnosis can be confirmed via chest X-ray showing a radiolucent outline around the heart and mediastinum or via CT scanning of the thorax. [ citation needed ] Pneumomediastinum and right sided pneumothorax post first rib fracture in a mountain biking accident.