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Prefigurative politics are modes of organization and social relationships that strive to reflect the future society being sought by a group. [1] In practice, they involve building a new society "within the shell of the old" by living out the values and social structures the group desires for the future. [2]
Karl Paul Polanyi (/ p oʊ ˈ l æ n j i /; Hungarian: Polányi Károly [ˈpolaːɲi ˈkaːroj]; 25 October 1886 – 23 April 1964) [1] was an Austro-Hungarian economic anthropologist, economic sociologist, and politician, [2] best known for his book The Great Transformation, which questions the conceptual validity of self-regulating markets.
Human development theory is a theory which uses ideas from different origins, such as ecology, sustainable development, feminism and welfare economics. It wants to avoid normative politics and is focused on how social capital and instructional capital can be deployed to optimize the overall value of human capital in an economy.
Modernisation refers to a model of a progressive transition from a "pre-modern" or "traditional" to a "modern" society. [1]The theory particularly focuses on the internal factors of a country while assuming that, with assistance, traditional or pre-modern countries can be brought to development in the same manner which more developed countries have.
Economic sociology is the study of the social cause and effect of various economic phenomena. The field can be broadly divided into a classical period and a contemporary one, known as "new economic sociology".
The need for long-term economic planning to promote efficiency was a central component of Labour Party thinking until the 1970s. The Conservative Party largely agreed, producing the postwar consensus, namely the broad bipartisan agreement on major policies. [31] A long-term economic plan was a phrase often used in British politics.
An economic ideology is a set of views forming the basis of an ideology on how the economy should run. It differentiates itself from economic theory in being normative rather than just explanatory in its approach, whereas the aim of economic theories is to create accurate explanatory models to describe how an economy currently functions.
Computer-based forms of democratic economic planning and coordination between economic enterprises have also been proposed by various computer scientists and radical economists. [25] [7] [24] Proponents present decentralized and participatory economic planning as an alternative to market socialism for a post-capitalist society. [52]