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[citation needed] DMARDs can be further subdivided into traditional small molecular mass drugs synthesised chemically and newer "biological" agents produced through genetic engineering. Some DMARDs (e.g. the purine synthesis inhibitors) are mild chemotherapeutics, but use a side effect of chemotherapy—immunosuppression—as their main ...
The following disorders are additional conditions that may be detected by screening. Many are listed as "secondary targets" by the 2005 ACMG report. [1] Some states are now screening for more than 50 congenital conditions. Many of these are rare and unfamiliar to pediatricians and other primary health care professionals. [1] Blood cell disorders
20,22-Desmolase (P450scc) deficiency: blocks production of all steroid hormones from cholesterol [citation needed]; 3β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 deficiency: impairs progestogen and androgen metabolism; prevents the synthesis of estrogens, glucocorticoids, and mineralocorticoids; causes androgen deficiency in males and androgen excess in females [citation needed]
The screening process and requirements vary significantly between jurisdictions. In the United States, the screening procedures are regulated by the FDA, the ASRM, the American Association of Tissue Banks, and the CDC. [1] The screening regulations are more stringent today than they have been in the past.
The screening process, however, is characterized by a high false-positive rate. In one study, [ 30 ] CAH screening had the lowest positive predictive value (111 true-positive cases among 20,647 abnormal screening results in a 2-year period, or 0.53%, compared with 6.36% for biotinidase deficiency, 1.84% for congenital hypo-thyroidism, 0.56% for ...
Another important issue is the uncertainty of prenatal genetic testing. Uncertainty on genetic testing results from several reasons: the genetic test is associated with a disease but the prognosis and/or probability is unknown, the genetic test provides information different than the familiar disease they tested for, found genetic variants have ...
Leflunomide, sold under the brand name Arava among others, is an immunosuppressive disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (), [8] used in active moderate-to-severe rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis.
Selective glucocorticoid receptor modulators (SEGRMs) and selective glucocorticoid receptor agonists (SEGRAs) formerly known as dissociated glucocorticoid receptor agonists (DIGRAs) are a class of experimental drugs designed to share many of the desirable anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive, or anticancer properties of classical glucocorticoid drugs but with fewer side effects such as skin ...