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The Security Account Manager (SAM) is a database file [1] in Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7, 8.1, 10 and 11 that stores users' passwords. It can be used to authenticate local and remote users. Beginning with Windows 2000 SP4, Active Directory authenticates remote users.
chntpw has no support for fully encrypted NTFS partitions (the only possible exceptions to this are encrypted partitions readable by Linux such as LUKS), usernames containing Unicode characters, or Active Directory passwords (with the exception of local users of systems that are members of an AD domain). The password changing feature is also ...
Prior to password shadowing, a Unix user's hashed password was stored in the second field of their record in the /etc/passwd file (within the seven-field format as outlined above). Password shadowing first appeared in Unix systems with the development of SunOS in the mid-1980s, [10] System V Release 3.2 in 1988 and BSD4.3 Reno in 1990. But ...
The gecos field, or GECOS field, is a field in each record in the /etc/passwd file on Unix and similar operating systems.On UNIX, it is the 5th of 7 fields in a record. It is typically used to record general information about the account or its user(s) such as their real name and phone number.
This file can be protected by any combination of a master password, a key file, and the current Windows account details. By default, the KeePass database is stored on a local file system (as opposed to cloud storage). [7] KeePass comes in two different variants: KeePass 1.x and KeePass 2.x.
Password Safe is a free and open-source password manager program originally written for Microsoft Windows but supporting a wide array of operating systems, with compatible clients available for Linux, FreeBSD, Android, IOS, BlackBerry and other operating systems.
A home directory is a file system directory on a multi-user operating system containing files for a given user of the system. The specifics of the home directory (such as its name and location) are defined by the operating system involved; for example, Linux / BSD systems use /home/ username or /usr/home/ username and Windows systems since Windows Vista use \Users\ username .
On Unix systems, local user accounts are stored in the file /etc/passwd, while user passwords may be stored at /etc/shadow in its hashed form. [5] On Microsoft Windows, user passwords can be managed within the Credential Manager program. [6] [better source needed] The passwords are located in the Windows profile directory. [7]