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A vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM) (also referred to as a Foner magnetometer) is a scientific instrument that measures magnetic properties based on Faraday’s Law of Induction. Simon Foner at MIT Lincoln Laboratory invented VSM in 1955 and reported it in 1959. [1] Also it was mentioned by G.W. Van Oosterhout [2] and by P.J Flanders in 1956. [3]
The first magnetometer capable of measuring the absolute magnetic intensity at a point in space was invented by Carl Friedrich Gauss in 1833 and notable developments in the 19th century included the Hall effect, which is still widely used. Magnetometers are widely used for measuring the Earth's magnetic field, in geophysical surveys, to detect ...
A SQUID (superconducting quantum interference device) is a very sensitive magnetometer used to measure extremely weak magnetic fields, based on superconducting loops containing Josephson junctions. SQUIDs are sensitive enough to measure fields as low as 5×10 −18 T with a few days of averaged measurements. [ 1 ]
Muon g − 2 (pronounced "gee minus two") is a particle physics experiment at Fermilab to measure the anomalous magnetic dipole moment of a muon to a precision of 0.14 ppm, [1] which is a sensitive test of the Standard Model. [2] It might also provide evidence of the existence of new particles. [3] [4] [5]
This experiment had a proton precessional magnetometer to measure the Earth's magnetic field at altitudes ranging from 514 km (319 mi) to 3,714 km (2,308 mi) and at latitudes between ± 33.4°. The measurements were made on command as the spacecraft passed seven Minitrack stations in North and South America and one each in Australia and South ...
The instruments detected a field strength of 32-36 nanotesla that was likely produced mainly by a nearby localised magnetised body, between 200 m (660 ft) and 200 km (120 mi) from the magnetometer. [2] [3] This was due to constraints on the lunar magnetic dipole strength due to measurements made simultaneously by Explorer 35, [3] and the ruling ...
An inductive sensor connected to a conditioning electronic circuit constitutes a search coil magnetometer. It is a vector magnetometer which can measure one or more components of the magnetic field. A classical configuration uses three orthogonal inductive sensors. The search-coil magnetometer can measure magnetic field from mHz up to hundreds ...
The purpose of this experiment was to measure the magnitude and direction of the Earth's magnetic field between 1.7 and 3.5 Earth radii. The instrument was a two-axis, saturable-core fluxgate magnetometer. Each axis had a range of plus or minus 4000 nT and an accuracy of 40 nT.