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Example clusterings for a dataset with the kMeans (left) and Mean shift (right) algorithms. The calculated Adjusted Rand index for these two clusterings is . The Rand index [1] or Rand measure (named after William M. Rand) in statistics, and in particular in data clustering, is a measure of the similarity between two data clusterings.
DADiSP is designed to perform technical data analysis in a spreadsheet like environment. However, unlike a typical business spreadsheet that operates on a table of cells each of which contain single scalar values, a DADiSP Worksheet consists of multiple interrelated windows where each window contains an entire series or multi-column matrix.
1960, IFIP WG 2.1, ISO [8] ALGOL 68: Application Yes No Yes Yes Yes No Concurrent Yes 1968, IFIP WG 2.1, GOST 27974-88, [9] Ateji PX: Parallel application No Yes No No No No pi calculus: No APL: Application, data processing: Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Array-oriented, tacit: Yes 1989, ISO Assembly language: General Yes No No No No No
C++ enforces stricter typing rules (no implicit violations of the static type system [1]), and initialization requirements (compile-time enforcement that in-scope variables do not have initialization subverted) [7] than C, and so some valid C code is invalid in C++. A rationale for these is provided in Annex C.1 of the ISO C++ standard. [8]
As an example of the first possibility, in C++11, a thread that needs the value of a future can block until it is available by calling the wait() or get() member functions. A timeout can also be specified on the wait using the wait_for() or wait_until() member functions to avoid indefinite blocking.
Modern C++ Design: Generic Programming and Design Patterns Applied is a book written by Andrei Alexandrescu, published in 2001 by Addison-Wesley. It has been regarded as "one of the most important C++ books" by Scott Meyers. [1] The book makes use of and explores a C++ programming technique called template metaprogramming. While Alexandrescu ...
Alice is designed solely to teach programming theory without the complex semantics of production languages such as C++. Users can place objects from Alice's gallery into the virtual world that they have imagined, and then they can program by dragging and dropping tiles that represent logical structures.
The use of templates as a metaprogramming technique requires two distinct operations: a template must be defined, and a defined template must be instantiated.The generic form of the generated source code is described in the template definition, and when the template is instantiated, the generic form in the template is used to generate a specific set of source code.