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Estrogen dominance is widely discussed by many proponents and on many alternative medicine websites, including: Christiane Northrup , former obstetrics and gynecology physician, believes that estrogen dominance is linked to "allergies, autoimmune disorders, breast cancer, uterine cancer, infertility, ovarian cysts, and increased blood clotting ...
Estrogen is associated with edema, including facial and abdominal swelling. Melanin. Estrogen is known to cause darkening of skin, especially in the face and areolae. [38] Pale skinned women will develop browner and yellower skin during pregnancy, as a result of the increase of estrogen, known as the "mask of pregnancy". [39]
The development of secondary sex characteristics in women is driven by estrogens, to be specific, estradiol. [11] [12] These changes are initiated at the time of puberty, most are enhanced during the reproductive years, and become less pronounced with declining estradiol support after menopause.
Aromatase (EC 1.14.14.14), also called estrogen synthetase or estrogen synthase, is an enzyme responsible for a key step in the biosynthesis of estrogens. It is CYP19A1 , a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily, which are monooxygenases that catalyze many reactions involved in steroidogenesis .
Estradiol, the prototypical estrogen. Steroid ring system. This is a list of steroidal estrogens or derivatives of estradiol, estrone, and estriol. Most esters of these estrogens are not included in this list; for esters, see here instead.
17α-Estradiol (also known as 17α-E2, 17-epiestradiol, alfatradiol, or estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17α-diol) is a minor and weak endogenous steroidal estrogen that is related to 17β-estradiol (better known simply as estradiol). [2]
A catechol estrogen is a steroidal estrogen that contains catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene) within its structure. [1] The catechol estrogens are endogenous metabolites of estradiol and estrone and include the following compounds: [ 1 ] [ 2 ]
Estrogen glucuronides can be deconjugated into the corresponding free estrogens by β-glucuronidase in tissues that express this enzyme, such as the mammary gland. [2] As a result, estrogen glucuronides have estrogenic activity via conversion into estrogens. [2] Estradiol 3-glucuronide is a positional isomer of estradiol 17β-glucuronide