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  2. Analogical models - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analogical_models

    Analogical models, also called "analog" or "analogue" models, seek the analogous systems that share properties with the target system as a means of representing the world. It is often practicable to construct source systems that are smaller and/or faster than the target system so that one can deduce a priori knowledge of target system behaviour ...

  3. Surrogate data - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surrogate_data

    One method of surrogate data is to find a source with similar conditions or parameters, and use those data in modeling. [4] Another method is to focus on patterns of the underlying system, and to search for a similar pattern in related data sources (for example, patterns in other related species or environmental areas).

  4. Analogy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analogy

    Analogy is a comparison or correspondence between two things (or two groups of things) because of a third element that they are considered to share. [1]In logic, it is an inference or an argument from one particular to another particular, as opposed to deduction, induction, and abduction.

  5. Nucleic acid analogue - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucleic_acid_analogue

    Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research. Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.

  6. Research design - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_design

    A research design typically outlines the theories and models underlying a project; the research question(s) of a project; a strategy for gathering data and information; and a strategy for producing answers from the data. [1] A strong research design yields valid answers to research questions while weak designs yield unreliable, imprecise or ...

  7. Homology (biology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homology_(biology)

    Specialised terms are used in taxonomic research. Primary homology is a researcher's initial hypothesis based on similar structure or anatomical connections, suggesting that a character state in two or more taxa share is shared due to common ancestry.

  8. Analogue modelling (geology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analogue_modelling_(geology)

    Analogue models can directly show the whole structural pattern in 3D and cross-section. They are helpful in understanding the internal structures and the progressive development of Earth's deforming regions. [1] Analogue modelling has been widely used for geodynamic analysis and to illustrate the development of different geological phenomena.

  9. Rock analogs for structural geology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rock_analogs_for...

    This is a compilation of the properties of different analog materials used to simulate deformational processes in structural geology. Such experiments are often called analog or analogue models.