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The Philippines is a sugar-producing country, and sugarcane is grown mainly in the islands of Negros, Luzon, Panay and Mindanao. Despite growing demand for sugar, there are still an estimated 90,750 hectares (224,000 acres) of sugarcane available that can be used for ethanol production, and high-yielding varieties of sugarcane are available. [1]
The following major support policies were provided to carry out the terms of the two policy documents: (i) a 5% consumption tax on all bioethanol under the E10 program was waived for all bioethanol plants; (ii) the value-added tax (normally 17%) on bioethanol production was refunded at the end of each year; (iii) all bioethanol plants received ...
The consumption of bioethanol in Europe is largest in Sweden, France and Spain. Germany's bioethanol market vanished completely after the removal of federal tax incentives after 2015. Europe produces equivalent to 90% of its consumption (2006). Germany produced about 70% of its consumption, Spain 60% and Sweden 50% (2006).
Sugar Regulatory Administration (SRA) administrator Hermenegildo Serafica noted a decrease of sugar output in the Philippines for the 2021–22 crop year.Only 1.8 million metric tons (MT) was produced by June 15 in contrast to the 2.12 million MT output produced by June 13 of the 2020–21 crop year.
Clean production bioethanol [20] is a biofuel obtained by maximizing non-greenhouse gas emitting (renewable) resources: energy directly consumed to make the ethanol is renewable energy . The farm equipment and ethanol plant use an ethanol engine , biodiesel , air engine or electricity cogenerated during ethanol production, or even wind power ...
The Philippines Biofuel Act of 2006, RA 9376 mandates an increase of the minimum 5% bioethanol blend (E5) in gasoline to 10% ethanol blend (E10). In 2011, 600 million liters of gasoline was consumed by car owners in the Philippines, if the 10% bioethanol blend would be followed, this would be equivalent to 1 million metric tons of sugar.
The diversion of edible food biomass to the production of biofuels could theoretically result in competition with food and land uses for food crops. First-generation bioethanol is produced by fermenting plant-derived sugars to ethanol, using a similar process to that used in beer and wine-making (see Ethanol fermentation).
Biofuels include bioethanol, an alcohol made by fermentation—often used as a gasoline additive, and biodiesel, which is usually used as a diesel additive. Specific energy is energy per unit mass, which is used to describe the chemical energy content of a fuel, expressed in SI units as joule per kilogram (J/kg) or equivalent units. [1]