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This is a list of rare earth elements, which are metals. Both the tradition REEs and other elements classified as rare earth metals are listed.
Rare-earth elements occur in nature in combination with phosphate (monazite), carbonate - fluoride (bastnäsite), and oxygen anions. In their oxides, most rare-earth elements only have a valence of 3 and form sesquioxides (cerium forms CeO2).
Rare Earth Elements (REE) are becoming increasingly important in electronic devices used in the defense, alternative energy, and communications industries. Minable deposits of REEs are found in only a few locations.
Rare-earth element, any member of the group of chemical elements consisting of three elements in Group 3 (scandium [Sc], yttrium [Y], and lanthanum [La]) and the first extended row of elements below the main body of the periodic table (cerium [Ce] through lutetium [Lu]).
Rare earth metals are actually not as rare as their name might imply. They are critical to high-performance optics and lasers, and essential to the most powerful magnets and superconductors in the world.
A precise definition of rare earth elements (REEs) and in-depth discussion of how common REEs are, worldwide REE production, and current REE production. Rare Earths Statistics and Information (Website), U.S. Geological Survey
The rare earths are the lanthanides — lutetium and all 14 elements between lanthanum and ytterbium across one row of the periodic table — plus scandium and yttrium, which tend to occur in the...
The rare earth metals are grouped into the light rare earth elements (light-group rare earth elements or LREE) and the heavy rare earth elements (heavy-group rare earth elements or HREE). The LREE are lanthanum through gadolinium. The HREE are yttrium and then terbium through lutetium.
Rare earth elements (REEs), which comprise of only 17 elements from the entire periodic table, play a critical role to our national security, energy independence, environmental future, and economic growth. Many advanced technologies have components made from REEs such as magnets, batteries, phosphors, and catalysts.
Statistics and information on the worldwide supply of, demand for, and flow of the mineral commodity group rare earths - scandium, yttrium, and the lanthanides. The principal economic sources of rare earths are the minerals bastnasite, monazite, and loparite and the lateritic ion-adsorption clays.