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To limit global warming to less than 1.5 °C global greenhouse gas emissions needs to be net-zero by 2050, or by 2070 with a 2 °C target. [271] This requires far-reaching, systemic changes on an unprecedented scale in energy, land, cities, transport, buildings, and industry.
The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is the UN process for negotiating an agreement to limit dangerous climate change.It is an international treaty among countries to combat "dangerous human interference with the climate system".
Climate variability is the term to describe variations in the mean state and other characteristics of climate (such as chances or possibility of extreme weather, etc.) "on all spatial and temporal scales beyond that of individual weather events."
The Paris Agreement (also called the Paris Accords or Paris Climate Accords) is an international treaty on climate change that was signed in 2016. [3] The treaty covers climate change mitigation, adaptation, and finance.
The public substantially underestimates the degree of scientific consensus that humans are causing climate change. [16] Studies from 2019 to 2021 [17] [18] [19] found scientific consensus to range from 98.7–100%.
Four climate change scenarios, based on 2015 data. [5] [6] Left: emissions pathways following the scenarios of (1) no policy, (2) current policy, (3) meeting the governments’ announcements with constant country decarbonization rates past 2030, and (4) meeting the governments’ announcements with higher rates of decarbonization past 2030.
This involves deep reductions in emissions of methane and black carbon: at least 35% of both by 2050, relative to 2010, to limit warming near 1.5 °C. Such measures could be undertaken in the energy sector and by reducing nitrous oxide and methane from agriculture, methane from the waste sector, and some other sources of black carbon and ...
Emission trajectories needed to achieve the Paris Agreement's two-degree target without negative emissions, depending on the emission peak. Evolution of land and sea temperatures 1880-2020 compared to the 1951-1980 average.