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Landau–Kleffner syndrome (LKS), also called infantile acquired aphasia, acquired epileptic aphasia, [1] or aphasia with convulsive disorder, is a rare neurological syndrome that develops during childhood. [2] It is named after William Landau and Frank Kleffner, who characterized it in 1957 with a diagnosis of six children. [3] [4]
[19] [12] Aphasia is a disorder that is acquired, therefore it occurs in individuals that have already developed language. Aphasia does not affect a person's intellect or speech but Instead affects the formulation of language. [20] All areas of language are affected by aphasia including expressive and receptive language abilities. [20]
Aphasia, also known as dysphasia, [a] is an impairment in a person’s ability to comprehend or formulate language because of damage to specific brain regions. [2] The major causes are stroke and head trauma; prevalence is hard to determine, but aphasia due to stroke is estimated to be 0.1–0.4% in developed countries. [3]
The Luria–Nebraska Neuropsychological Battery (LNNB) is a standardized test that identifies neuropsychological deficiencies by measuring functioning on fourteen scales. It evaluates learning, experience, and cognitive skills.
Primary progressive aphasia is a rare disorder where people slowly lose their ability to talk, read, write, and comprehend what they hear in conversation over a period of time. It was first described as a distinct syndrome by Mesulam in 1982. [ 5 ]
Transcortical sensory aphasia: individuals have impaired auditory comprehension with intact repetition and fluent speech. [16] Progressive confluent aphasia: A form of frontotemporal dementia characterized by motor speech impairment, agrammatism, laborious speech, and apraxia of speech. It is understood that comprehension of speech and semantic ...
Broca's (expressive) aphasia is a type of non-fluent aphasia in which an individual's speech is halting and effortful. Misarticulations or distortions of consonants and vowels, namely phonetic dissolution, are common. Individuals with expressive aphasia may only produce single words, or words in groups of two or three. [8]
Logopenic progressive aphasia (LPA) is a variant of primary progressive aphasia. [1] It is defined clinically by impairments in naming and sentence repetition. [ 2 ] It is similar to conduction aphasia and is associated with atrophy to the left posterior temporal cortex and inferior parietal lobule .