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Lumber produced by flat sawing from a log. Plank A has been cut from the middle, and is as wide as the original log. Plank B has been cut closer to the side, and shows slash grain. Flat sawing, flitch sawing or plain sawing is a woodworking process that produces flat-cut or plain-cut boards of lumber. [1]
Whipsaw types of rip saws used in the conversion of logs into timbers in a saw pit; felling, carpenter's, and broad axes are used in hewing. Sawmill; Wood splitting, also called riving uses wedges, splitting mauls, and/or froes. Historically most timbers were used green but some went through a process of wood drying using some tools and equipment.
In addition to the grain, quartersawn wood (particularly oak) will also often display a pattern of medullary rays, seen as subtle wavy ribbon-like patterns across the straight grain. [6] Medullary rays grow in a radial fashion in the living tree, so while flat-sawing would cut across the rays, quarter-sawing puts them on the face of the board.
A woodworking float (more rarely used in silversmithing), [1] also called a planemaker's float, is a tapered, flat, single cut file [2] of two types: edge float and the flat sided float [3] which are traditional woodworking tools generally used when making a wooden plane. The float is used to cut, flatten, and smooth (or float) key areas of ...
Rip cuts are commonly made with a table saw, but other types of power saws can also be used, including a radial arm saw, band saw, and hand held circular saw.In sawmills the head saw is the first rip-saw a log goes through, which is sometimes a gang-saw, and then the cants may be resawn using other saws and then edged in an edger and sometimes cut to length by a crosscut saw.
Bucking is the process of cutting a felled and delimbed tree into logs. [2] Significant value can be lost by sub-optimal bucking because logs destined for plywood, lumber, and pulp each have their own value and specifications for length, diameter, and defects. Cutting from the top down is overbucking and from the bottom up is underbucking.
A spokeshave is a hand tool used to shape and smooth woods in woodworking jobs such as making cart wheel spokes, chair legs, [1] paddles, bows, and arrows. [2] The tool consists of a blade fixed into the body of the tool, which has a handle for each hand. Historically, a spokeshave was made with a wooden body and metal cutting blade.
Craftsman No. 5 jack plane A hand plane in use. A hand plane is a tool for shaping wood using muscle power to force the cutting blade over the wood surface. Some rotary power planers are motorized power tools used for the same types of larger tasks, but are unsuitable for fine-scale planing, where a miniature hand plane is used.
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