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  2. Earthing system - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earthing_system

    The TT (French: terre–terre) earthing system. In a TT (Latin: terra–terra) earthing system, the protective earth connection for the consumer is provided by a local earth electrode, (sometimes referred to as the terra firma connection) and there is another independently installed at the generator. There is no 'earth wire' between the two.

  3. Earth-return telegraph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth-return_telegraph

    Earth-return telegraph is the system whereby the return path for the electric current of a telegraph circuit is provided by connection to the earth through an earth electrode. Using earth return saves a great deal of money on installation costs since it halves the amount of wire that is required, with a corresponding saving on the labour ...

  4. Grounding transformer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grounding_transformer

    A grounding transformer or earthing transformer is a type of auxiliary transformer used in three-phase electric power systems to provide a ground path to either an ungrounded wye or a delta-connected system. [1] [2] Grounding transformers are part of an earthing system of the network.

  5. Ground (electricity) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_(electricity)

    An earth ground connection of the system dissipates such potentials and limits the rise in voltage of the grounded system. In a mains electricity (AC power) wiring installation, the term ground conductor typically refers to two different conductors or conductor systems as listed below:

  6. Isolated ground - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isolated_ground

    An isolated ground (IG) (or Functional Earth (FE) in European literature) is a ground connection to a local earth electrode from equipment where the main supply uses a different earthing arrangement, one of the common earthing arrangements used with domestic mains supplies.

  7. Single-wire earth return - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single-wire_earth_return

    A good ground resistance is 5–10 ohms which can be measured using specialist earth test equipment. SWER systems are designed to limit the electric field in the earth to 20 volts per meter to avoid shocking people and animals that might be in the area. Other standard features include automatic reclosing circuit breakers . Most faults ...

  8. Ground and neutral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ground_and_neutral

    The neutral conductor of a 3-phase, 4-wire system and the middle conductor of a 2- phase, 3-wire system must have at least 2 separate and distinct earth connections with a minimum of 2 different earth electrodes to have a satisfactory earth resistance; The earth electrodes must be interconnected to reduce earth resistance

  9. Zigzag transformer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zigzag_transformer

    The purpose of a zigzag transformer in this application is to provide a return path for earth faults on delta-connected systems. With negligible current in the neutral under normal conditions, an undersized (unable to carry a continuous fault load) transformer may be used only as short-time rating is required, provided the defective load will ...