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WIKILEAKS - Congressional Research Service - The Federal Republic of Yugoslavia: U.S. Economic Assistance, Updated August 16, 2001 Image title As a result of president Milosevic's fall from power in October 2000, U.S. economic assistance to the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY) is expected to shift from a program of opposition to Milosevic ...
If X has a standard uniform distribution, then by the inverse transform sampling method, Y = − λ −1 ln(X) has an exponential distribution with (rate) parameter λ. If X has a standard uniform distribution, then Y = X n has a beta distribution with parameters (1/n,1). As such, The Irwin–Hall distribution is the sum of n i.i.d. U(0,1 ...
Name Dim Equation Applications Bateman-Burgers equation: 1+1 + = Fluid mechanics Benjamin–Bona–Mahony: 1+1 + + = Fluid mechanics Benjamin–Ono: 1+1 + + = internal waves in deep water
In integral calculus, Glasser's master theorem explains how a certain broad class of substitutions can simplify certain integrals over the whole interval from to +. It is applicable in cases where the integrals must be construed as Cauchy principal values , and a fortiori it is applicable when the integral converges absolutely .
Depending on the type of singularity in the integrand f, the Cauchy principal value is defined according to the following rules: . For a singularity at a finite number b + [() + + ()] with < < and where b is the difficult point, at which the behavior of the function f is such that = for any < and = for any >.
In calculus and mathematical analysis the limits of integration (or bounds of integration) of the integral (). of a Riemann integrable function defined on a closed and bounded interval are the real numbers and , in which is called the lower limit and the upper limit.
Abramowitz, Milton; Stegun, Irene A., eds. (1972). "Chapter 3". Handbook of Mathematical Functions with Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables.
The substitutions of Euler can be generalized by allowing the use of imaginary numbers. For example, in the integral +, the substitution + = + can be used. Extensions to the complex numbers allows us to use every type of Euler substitution regardless of the coefficients on the quadratic.