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The mental model theory of reasoning was developed by Philip Johnson-Laird and Ruth M.J. Byrne (Johnson-Laird and Byrne, 1991). It has been applied to the main domains of deductive inference including relational inferences such as spatial and temporal deductions; propositional inferences, such as conditional, disjunctive and negation deductions; quantified inferences such as syllogisms; and ...
In psychology, the term mental models is sometimes used to refer to mental representations or mental simulation generally. The concepts of schema and conceptual models are cognitively adjacent. Elsewhere, it is used to refer to the "mental model" theory of reasoning developed by Philip Johnson-Laird and Ruth M. J. Byrne.
A third view is that people rely on mental models, that is, mental representations that correspond to imagined possibilities. [13] A fourth view is that people compute probabilities. [14] [15] One controversial theoretical issue is the identification of an appropriate competence model, or a standard against which to compare human reasoning.
The critical aspect of such a computational model is that we can abstract away from particular physical details of the machine that is implementing the computation. [5] For example, the appropriate computation could be implemented either by silicon chips or biological neural networks, so long as there is a series of outputs based on ...
Download as PDF; Printable version; ... Pages in category "Psychological models" ... Mental model theory of reasoning; P.
Historically, questions regarding the functional architecture of the mind have been divided into two different theories of the nature of the faculties. The first can be characterized as a horizontal view because it refers to mental processes as if they are interactions between faculties such as memory, imagination, judgement, and perception, which are not domain specific (e.g., a judgement ...
Mental Models is a book published by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Inc., in 1983 ISBN 0-89859-242-9. It was edited by Dedre Gentner and Albert L. Stevens, both employees of Bolt, Beranek and Newman , Inc. at the time.
Users are encouraged to model ideas with blocks or other physical objects, or to draw (diagram) ideas in terms of D, S, R, and P. This aspect of the method is promoted as a form of nonlinguistic representation of ideas, based on research showing that learners acquire and structure knowledge more effectively when information is presented in ...