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Rice blast causes economically significant crop losses annually. Each year it is estimated to destroy enough rice to feed more than 60 million people. The fungus is known to occur in 85 countries worldwide [ 15 ] and as of 2003 [update] was the most devastating fungal plant pathogen in the world.
Cause undetermined golden apple snail Pomacea canaliculata: Pecky rice (kernel spotting) Feeding injury by rice stink bug, Oebalus pugnax: Rice tungro: Complex virus (Rice tungro bacilliform virus and Rice tungro spherical virus) transmitted by green leafhopper Nephotettix spp.) Straighthead [6] Arsenic induced, unknown physiological disorder
The frost line separates the warm temperate region from the subtropical region. It represents the dividing line between two major physiological groups of evolved plants. On the warmer side of the line, the majority of the plants are sensitive to low temperatures. They can be killed back by frosts as they have not evolved to withstand periods of ...
Rice plants become infected with Xanthomonas oryzae through rice seed, stem and roots that are left behind at harvest, as well as alternative weed hosts. X. oryzae lives on dead plants and seeds and probably moves plant-to-plant best through pattywater from irrigation or storms. Upon introduction to the host plant, the bacterium infiltrates the ...
Sogatella furcifera is a migratory pest of rice in Asia, [2] migrating from tropical and subtropical regions toward northern or northeast Asia in spring and summer. At the end of growing season in autumn, their offspring migrate back to their southern overwintering sites.
The System of Rice Intensification (SRI) is a farming methodology that aims to increase the yield of rice while using fewer resources and reducing environmental impacts. The method was developed by a French Jesuit Father Henri de Laulanié in Madagascar [ 1 ] and built upon decades of agricultural experimentation.
Cochliobolus miyabeanus is an important plant pathogen because it causes a common and widespread rice disease that causes high level of crop yield losses. It was a major cause of the Bengal famine of 1943, where the crop yield was dropped by 40% to 90% and the death of 2 million people was recorded. [3] It is a possible agroterrorism weapon. [6]
Rice-sheath blight is a disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani (teleomorph is Thanetophorus cucumeris), a basidiomycete, that causes major limitations on rice production in India and other countries of Asia. [1] It is also a problem in the southern US, where rice is also produced. [2] It can decrease yield up to 50%, and reduce its quality. [3]