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Glaucoma in dogs is a painful condition caused by high pressure within the eye. Two types of glaucoma can affect our canine companions: primary and secondary. Glaucoma can lead to blindness if it ...
Glaucoma in a dog Canine glaucoma refers to a group of diseases in dogs that affect the optic nerve and involve a loss of retinal ganglion cells in a characteristic pattern. An intraocular pressure greater than 22 mmHg (2.9 kPa) is a significant risk factor for the development of glaucoma.
Conversely, optic nerve damage may occur with normal pressure, known as normal-tension glaucoma. [27] In case of above-normal intraocular pressure, the mechanism of open-angle glaucoma is believed to be the impeded exit of aqueous humor through the trabecular meshwork, while in closed-angle glaucoma, the iris blocks the trabecular meshwork. [ 2 ]
Between 1980 and 1999, the occurrences of ONH in Sweden increased four-fold to 7.2 per 100,000, while all other causes of childhood blindness had declined. [3] [13] In 1997, ONH overtook retinopathy of prematurity as the single leading cause of infant blindness in Sweden, with 6.3 in every 100,000 births diagnosed with ONH. The most recent ...
Low-tension glaucoma MH Macular hole MI Myocardial infarction MS Multiple sclerosis NIDDM Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus NRR Neuro-retinal rim NS Nuclear sclerosis: NTG Normal tension glaucoma: PDR Proliferative diabetic retinopathy PDT Photodynamic therapy: PK Penetrating keratoplasy: POAG Primary open-angle glaucoma PPDR
The normal cup-to-disc ratio is less than 0.5. A large cup-to-disc ratio may imply glaucoma or other pathology. [3] However, cupping by itself is not indicative of glaucoma. Rather, it is an increase in cupping as the patient ages that is an indicator for glaucoma. Deep but stable cupping can occur due to hereditary factors without glaucoma.
The blockage leads to greater-than-normal elevated intraocular pressure [2] which, in turn, can damage the optic nerve. [7] The eye produces a clear fluid called the aqueous humor which subsequently drains such that there is a constant level of safe pressure within the eye, but glaucoma can result if this normal outflow of fluid is blocked.
Over many years, glaucoma has been defined by an intraocular pressure of more than 20 mm Hg. Incompatible with this (now obsolete) definition of glaucoma was the ever larger number of cases that have been reported in medical literature in the 1980s and 1990s who had the typical signs of glaucomatous damage, like optic nerve head excavation and thinning of the retinal nerve fiber layer, while ...