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Shortness of breath (SOB), known as dyspnea (in AmE) or dyspnoea (in BrE), is an uncomfortable feeling of not being able to breathe well enough. The American Thoracic Society defines it as "a subjective experience of breathing discomfort that consists of qualitatively distinct sensations that vary in intensity", and recommends evaluating dyspnea by assessing the intensity of its distinct ...
Shortness of breath and wheezing are present in many cases. [5] Exacerbations may be accompanied by increased amount of cough and sputum productions, and a change in appearance of sputum. [citation needed] An abrupt worsening in COPD symptoms may cause rupture of the airways in the lungs, which in turn may cause a spontaneous pneumothorax. [4]
The reason for these differences is not well known. [21] Low- and middle-income countries make up more than 80% of the mortality. [284] While asthma is twice as common in boys as girls, [21] severe asthma occurs at equal rates. [285] In contrast adult women have a higher rate of asthma than men [21] and it is more common in the young than the ...
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a type of progressive lung disease characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms and airflow limitation. [8] GOLD 2024 defined COPD as a heterogeneous lung condition characterized by chronic respiratory symptoms (dyspnea or shortness of breath, cough, sputum production or exacerbations) due to abnormalities of the airways (bronchitis ...
Diagnosis of obstructive disease requires several factors depending on the exact disease being diagnosed. However one commonality between them is an FEV1/FVC ratio less than 0.7, i.e. the inability to exhale 70% of their breath within one second. [11] Following is an overview of the main obstructive lung diseases.
Patients often experience wheezing, shortness of breath, and a chronic cough. A wheeze is a coarse, whistling sound in the airways during breathing. Worsening symptoms may include increased mucus production and reduced exercise tolerance. [11]
Symptoms include chest tightness, rapidly progressive dyspnea (shortness of breath), dry cough, use of accessory respiratory muscles, fast and/or labored breathing, and extreme wheezing. It is a life-threatening episode of airway obstruction and is considered a medical emergency. Complications include cardiac and/or respiratory arrest.
Following are terms that specify a type of lung size and/or activity. More specific definitions may be found in individual articles. Eupnea – normal breathing; Apnea – absence of breathing
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