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2. Conversion (word formation) - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conversion_(word_formation)

   For example, the noun green in golf (referring to a putting-green) is derived ultimately from the adjective green. Conversions from adjectives to nouns and vice versa are both very common and unnotable in English; much more remarked upon is the creation of a verb by converting a noun or other word (for example, the adjective clean becomes the ...

3. List of English homographs - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_homographs

   When the prefix "re-" is added to a monosyllabic word, the word gains currency both as a noun and as a verb. Most of the pairs listed below are closely related: for example, "absent" as a noun meaning "missing", and as a verb meaning "to make oneself missing". There are also many cases in which homographs are of an entirely separate origin, or ...

4. Morphological derivation - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morphological_derivation

   It may involve the use of an affix (such as with employ → employee), or it may occur via conversion (such as with the derivation of the noun run from the verb to run). In contrast, a derivation resulting in a verb may be called verbalization (such as from the noun butter to the verb to butter). Some words have specific exceptions to these ...

5. English nouns - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_nouns

   While proper names may be realized by multi-word constituents, a proper noun is word-level unit in English. Thus, Zealand, for example, is a proper noun, but New Zealand, though a proper name, is not a proper noun. [4] Unlike some common nouns, proper nouns do not typically show number contrast in English.

6. List of English back-formations - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_back...

   Back-formation is either the process of creating a new lexeme (less precisely, a new "word") by removing actual or supposed affixes, or a neologism formed by such a process. Back-formations are shortened words created from longer words, thus back-formations may be viewed as a sub-type of clipping .

7. Most common words in English - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Most_common_words_in_English

   For example, "I" may be a pronoun or a Roman numeral; "to" may be a preposition or an infinitive marker; "time" may be a noun or a verb. Also, a single spelling can represent more than one root word. For example, "singer" may be a form of either "sing" or "singe". Different corpora may treat such difference differently.

8. Grammaticalization - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammaticalization

   Grammaticalization can involve content words, such as nouns and verbs, developing into new function words that express grammatical relationships among other words in a sentence. This may happen rather than speakers deriving such new function words from (for example) existing bound, inflectional constructions.

9. Initial-stress-derived noun - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Initial-stress-derived_noun

   The list of affected words differs from area to area, and often depends on whether a word is used metaphorically or not. At least 170 verb-noun or verb-adjective pairs exist. Some examples are: record. as a verb, "Remember to recórd the show!". as a noun, "I'll keep a récord of that request." permit. as a verb, "I won't permít that."