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A hydrofluoric acid burn is a chemical burn from hydrofluoric acid. [1] Where it contacts the skin it results in significant pain, swelling, redness, and skin breakdown. [1] [2] If the fumes are breathed in swelling of the upper airway and bleeding may occur. [2] Complications can include electrolyte, heart, lung, kidney, and neurological ...
Other sources include glass-etching or chrome-cleaning agents like ammonium bifluoride or hydrofluoric acid, [12] [13] industrial exposure to fluxes used to promote the flow of a molten metal on a solid surface, volcanic ejecta (for example, in cattle grazing after an 1845–1846 eruption of Hekla and the 1783–1784 flood basalt eruption of ...
Although hydrofluoric acid is regarded as a weak acid, it is very corrosive, even attacking glass when hydrated. [ 20 ] Dilute solutions are weakly acidic with an acid ionization constant K a = 6.6 × 10 −4 (or p K a = 3.18 ), [ 10 ] in contrast to corresponding solutions of the other hydrogen halides, which are strong acids ( p K a < 0 ).
Hydrofluoric acid, the water solution of hydrogen fluoride (HF), is a contact poison. Even though it is from a chemical perspective a relatively weak acid, it is far more dangerous than conventional strong mineral acids, such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid, or hydrochloric acid. Owing to its lesser chemical dissociation in water (remaining a ...
An exception is for acid–base and blood gases, which are generally given for arterial blood. [citation needed] Still, the blood values are approximately equal between the arterial and venous sides for most substances, with the exception of acid–base, blood gases and drugs (used in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) assays). [6]
The biggest concern is that the refinery continues to use the highly toxic chemical hydrofluoric acid to process fuel, a practice that Schwartz and other activists want to see stopped.
Hydrogen fluoride is typically produced by the reaction between sulfuric acid and pure grades of the mineral fluorite: [14] CaF 2 + H 2 SO 4 → 2 HF + CaSO 4 About 20% of manufactured HF is a byproduct of fertilizer production, which generates hexafluorosilicic acid .
Hydrogen fluoride, a weak acid in aqueous solution that is normally not thought to have any appreciable Brønsted basicity at all, is in fact the strongest Brønsted base in the mixture, protonating to H 2 F + in the same way water protonates to H 3 O + in aqueous acid. It is the fluoronium ion that accounts for fluoroantimonic acid's extreme ...