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During the revolt, the Jewish sage Rabbi Akiva regarded Simon as the Jewish messiah; the Talmud records his statement that the Star Prophecy verse from Numbers 24:17: [10] "There shall come a star out of Jacob," [11] referred to him, based on identification of the Hebrew word for star, kokhav, and his name, bar Kozeva.
Since it was the last of three major Jewish–Roman wars, it is also known as the Third Jewish–Roman War or the Third Jewish Revolt. Some historians also refer to it as the Second Jewish Revolt, [6] [7] [8] not counting the Diaspora Revolt (115–117), which had only marginally been fought in Judaea.
First Jewish–Roman War (66–73)—also called the First Jewish Revolt or the Great Jewish Revolt, spanning from the 66 insurrection, through the 67 fall of the Galilee, the destruction of Jerusalem and the Second Temple and institution of the Fiscus Judaicus in 70, and finally the fall of Masada in 73.
The older view is that the Bar Kokhba revolt, which took the Romans three years to suppress, enraged Hadrian, and he became determined to erase Judaism from the province. Circumcision was forbidden, and Jews were expelled from the city. Hadrian renamed the province of Judaea to Syria Palaestina, dispensing with the Jewish-associated name. [12]
The Bar Kokhba hiding complexes are underground hideout systems built by Jewish rebels and their communities in Judaea and used during the Bar Kokhba revolt (132–136 CE) against the Roman Empire. [1] The hiding complexes are believed to have played a significant role during the revolt, particularly in Judea proper.
Betar (Biblical Hebrew: בֵּיתַּר, romanized: Bēttar), also spelled Beitar, Bethar or Bether, was an ancient Jewish town in the Judaean Mountains.Continuously inhabited since the Iron Age, [1] it was the last standing stronghold of the Bar Kokhba revolt, and was destroyed by the Imperial Roman Army under Hadrian in 135 CE.
W. Eck,"The Bar Kokhba Revolt: The Roman Point of View", Journal of Roman Studies 89 (1999), pp. 79–80 W. Eck, "Hadrian, the Bar Kokhba Revolt, and the Epigraphic Transmission", in: The Bar Kokhba war reconsidered : new perspectives on the second Jewish revolt against Rome , Peter Schäfer (editor) (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2003), pp. 168–169
The 587 BCE phase of the Jewish–Babylonian war Topics referred to by the same term This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Second Jewish Revolt .