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Since some tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) can cause harmful interactions if used within 14 days of starting treatment with other antidepressants, you may ...
Cross-tolerance is a phenomenon that occurs when tolerance to the effects of a certain drug produces tolerance to another drug. It often happens between two drugs with similar functions or effects—for example, acting on the same cell receptor or affecting the transmission of certain neurotransmitters.
If symptoms of discontinuation are severe, or do not respond to symptom management, the antidepressant can be reinstated and then withdrawn more cautiously, or by switching to a drug with a longer half life (e.g., fluoxetine), and then tapering and discontinuing that drug. [21] In severe cases, hospitalization may be required. [2]
The TCAs are used primarily in the clinical treatment of mood disorders such as major depressive disorder (MDD), dysthymia, and treatment-resistant variants. They are also used in the treatment of a number of other medical disorders, including cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) and anxiety disorders such as generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), social phobia (SP) also known as social anxiety ...
TCAs were, for 25 years, the leading cause of death from overdoses in many countries. Patients being treated with antidepressants are prone to attempt suicide and one method they use is to take an overdose of their medications. [220] Another example of a TCA is amineptine which is the only one believed to function as a DRI. It is no longer ...
Tricyclic antidepressants also have a higher risk of serious cardiovascular side effects, which SSRIs lack. SSRIs act on signal pathways such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) on the postsynaptic neuronal cell, which leads to the release of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF).
The pharmacology of antidepressants is not entirely clear.. The earliest and probably most widely accepted scientific theory of antidepressant action is the monoamine hypothesis (which can be traced back to the 1950s), which states that depression is due to an imbalance (most often a deficiency) of the monoamine neurotransmitters (namely serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine). [1]
However, there are differences between TCA related antidepressants and classical TCAs in terms of side effect profiles and withdrawal when compared to SSRIs. [ 67 ] There is evidence a prominent side-effect of antidepressants, emotional blunting, is confused with a symptom of depression itself.