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Hot gas mantles. The lowest visible mantle has partially broken, reducing its light output An 85 mm Chance Brothers Incandescent Petroleum Vapour Installation. The mantle is a roughly pear-shaped fabric bag, made from silk, ramie-based artificial silk, or rayon. The fibers are impregnated with metallic salts; when the mantle is first heated in ...
While electric lighting was introduced to theatre stages, the gas mantle was developed in 1885 for gas-lit theatres. "This was a beehive-shaped mesh of knitted thread impregnated with lime that, in miniature, converted the naked gas flame into in effect, a lime-light."
A Clamond basket is a kind of gas mantle, invented in the 1880s by the Parisian Charles Clamond, [1] and which he later patented in the United States. [2] It was the first economically practical gas mantle, since prior mantles had involved expensive materials like platinum and iridium.
Welsbach Mantle advertisement, 1910 A gas mantle burning at full brightness. On 23 September 1885, Auer von Welsbach received a patent on his development of the gas mantle, which he called Auerlicht, using a chemical mixture of 60% magnesium oxide, 20% lanthanum oxide and 20% yttrium oxide, which he called Actinophor.
This led to a series of lamps that were originally made to burn kerosene or gasoline. Current models use kerosene, gasoline, Coleman fuel or propane and use one or two mantles to produce an intense white light. Over the years more than 50 million of the lanterns have been sold throughout the world. [2]
An early version of the gas mantle lamp, kerosene was vaporized by a secondary burner, which pressurized the kerosene tank that supplied the central draught. Like all gas mantle lamps, the only purpose of the burner is to hold the flame that heats the mantle, which is 4-5 times as bright as the wick itself.
On 23 September 1885, Carl Auer von Welsbach received a patent on the gas flame heated incandescent mantle light. [8] In 1914, the Coleman Lantern, a similar pressure lamp was introduced by the US Coleman Company. [9] [10] [11] In 1915, during World War I, the Tilley company moved to Brent Street in Hendon, and began developing a kerosene ...
The mantle does not burn (but the cloth matrix carrying the ceramic must be "burned out" with a match prior to its first use). When heated by the operating flame the mantle becomes incandescent and glows brightly. The heat may be provided by a gas, by kerosene, or by a pressurized liquid such as "white gas", which is essentially naphtha. For ...