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32 Formula State of Matter Enthalpy (kJ/mol) Entropy (J mol/K) Gibbs Free Energy (kJ/mol) Al(NO 3) 3•6H 2O (s) -2850.47552 467.7712 -2203.88016 Al(NO 3) 3•9H 2O (s) -3757.06464 569.024 -2929.6368 Al(OH) 3 (s) -1284.488 71.128 -1305.8264 Al+3 (aq) -531.368 -321.7496 -485.344 Al 2(CH 3) 6 (g) -230.91496 524.6736 -9.79056 Al 2(SO 4) 3 (s) -3435.064 239.3248 -3506.6104
This table lists the standard enthalpies (ΔH°), the free energies (ΔG°) of formation of compounds from elements in their standard states, and the thermodynamic (third-law) entropies (S°) of compounds at 298 K.
Standand Enthalpies of Formation & Standard Entropies of Common Compounds Substance State ∆H f S (kJmol) (Jmol·K) Ag s 0 42.6 Ag+ aq 105.79 72.7 AgCl s −127.01 96.2
The table below shows the standard enthalpy of formation, the standard Gibbs free energy of formation, standard entropy and molar heat capacity at constant pressure of several inorganic compounds.
Standard Entropies. All standard state, 25 °C and 1 bar (written to 1 decimal place). P.J. Linstrom and W.G. Mallard, Eds, NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database Number 69, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg MD, 20899, http://webbook.nist.gov, (retrieved March 9, 2011).
Values of the standard molar entropies of various substances at 298 K (25°C) are given in the table. A table like this can be used in much the same way as a table of standard enthalpies of formation in order to find the entropy change Δ Sm ° for a reaction occurring at standard pressure and at 298 K.
The entropy of 1 mol of a substance at a standard temperature of 298 K is its standard molar entropy (S°). We can use the “products minus reactants” rule to calculate the standard entropy change (ΔS°) for a reaction using tabulated values of S° for the reactants and the products.
Table \(\PageIndex{2}\) lists some standard entropies at 298.15 K. You can find additional standard entropies in Tables T1 or T2.
Explore a comprehensive table of thermodynamic values provided by the University of Wisconsin–Madison.
Standard Heats and Free Energies of Formation and Absolute Entropies of Elements and Inorganic Compounds