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The papillary muscles are muscles located in the ventricles of the heart. They attach to the cusps of the atrioventricular valves (also known as the mitral and tricuspid valves) via the chordae tendineae and contract to prevent inversion or prolapse of these valves on systole (or ventricular contraction). [1]
The papillary muscles of the heart are pillar-like muscles seen within the cavity of the ventricles, attached to their walls. They have an integral role in proper cardiac valvular function.
Contraction of the papillary muscles precedes ventricular contraction. It results in the apposition of the tricuspid leaflets, thus occluding the valve orifice and preventing backflow of blood during ventricular contraction.
The three papillary muscles of the right ventricle have highly variable anatomy with the anterior papillary muscle usually being the most prominent. The anterior and septal papillary muscles are connected by the moderator band.
Papillary Muscles: There are typically three papillary muscles in the right ventricle: anterior, posterior, and septal. These muscles attach to the tricuspid valve (the valve between the right atrium and right ventricle) via chordae tendineae, which help prevent the valve leaflets from inverting into the atrium during ventricular contraction.
There are three papillary muscles in the right ventricle which correspond to the three flaps of the valve. (The third valve flap and papillary muscle would be on the anterior portion of the heart, which has been removed in this illustration.) When the myocardium of the ventricle contracts, pressure within the ventricular chamber rises.
There are three papillary muscles in the right ventricle, called the anterior, posterior, and septal muscles, which correspond to the three sections of the valves. When the myocardium of the ventricle contracts, pressure within the ventricular chamber rises.