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Hot-bulb engine (two-stroke). 1. Hot bulb. 2. Cylinder. 3. Piston. 4. Crankcase Old Swedish hot-bulb engine in action. The hot-bulb engine, also known as a semi-diesel [1] or Akroyd engine, is a type of internal combustion engine in which fuel ignites by coming in contact with a red-hot metal surface inside a bulb, followed by the introduction of air (oxygen) compressed into the hot-bulb ...
A preserved hit-and-miss engine: 1917 Amanco 14 hp (1.7 kW) 'Hired Man'. A hit-and-miss engine or Hit 'N' Miss is a type of stationary internal combustion engine that is controlled by a governor to only fire at a set speed. They are usually 4-stroke, but 2-stroke versions were also made. It was conceived in the late 19th century and produced by ...
The first person to build a working four-stroke engine, a stationary engine using a coal gas-air mixture for fuel (a gas engine), was German engineer Nicolaus Otto. [4] This is why the four-stroke principle today is commonly known as the Otto cycle and four-stroke engines using spark plugs often are called Otto engines.
Dieseling. Dieseling or engine run-on is a condition that can occur in spark-plug -ignited, gasoline -powered internal combustion engines, whereby the engine keeps running for a short period after being turned off, drawing fuel through the carburetor, into the engine and igniting it without a spark. Dieseling is so named because it is similar ...
The smaller engine, dubbed 3.2 litre, featured a 79.30 mm (3.122 in) stroke and a swept volume of 3,157 cubic centimetres (193 cu in). The larger engine, dubbed 3.9 litre, shared the 99.31 mm (3.910 in) stroke of the previous 4.1 litre engine for a swept volume of 3,949 cubic centimetres (241 cu in).
Four-stroke cycle used in gasoline/petrol engines: intake (1), compression (2), power (3), and exhaust (4). The right blue side is the intake port and the left brown side is the exhaust port. The cylinder wall is a thin sleeve surrounding the piston head which creates a space for the combustion of fuel and the genesis of mechanical energy.
Internal combustion engines operate through a sequence of strokes that admit and remove gases to and from the cylinder. These operations are repeated cyclically and an engine is said to be 2-stroke, 4-stroke or 6-stroke depending on the number of strokes it takes to complete a cycle. The most common type is 4-stroke, which has following cycles.
Scavenging is the process of replacing the exhaust gas in a cylinder of an internal combustion engine with the fresh air/fuel mixture (or fresh air, in the case of direct-injection engines) for the next cycle. If scavenging is incomplete, the remaining exhaust gases can cause improper combustion for the next cycle, leading to reduced power output.