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1918–1922 Russia typhus epidemic: Typhus: 2–3 million 1–1.6% of Russian population [14] 1918–1922 Russia: 13 Cocoliztli epidemic of 1576: Cocoliztli 2–2.5 million 50% of Mexican population [12] 1576–1580 Mexico 14 1772–1773 Persian Plague: Bubonic plague 2 million – 1772–1773 Persia: 15 735–737 Japanese smallpox epidemic ...
An epidemic (from Greek ἐπί epi "upon or above" and δῆμος demos "people") is the rapid spread of disease to a large number of hosts in a given population within a short period of time. For example, in meningococcal infections, an attack rate in excess of 15 cases per 100,000 people for two consecutive weeks is considered an epidemic ...
Outbreaks include many epidemics, which term is normally only for infectious diseases, as well as diseases with an environmental origin, such as a water or foodborne disease. They may affect a region in a country or a group of countries. Pandemics are near-global disease outbreaks when multiple and various countries around the Earth are soon ...
For example, in developed countries, shigellosis (bacillary dysentery) is normally considered a sporadic disease, but in overcrowded places with poor sanitation and poor personal hygiene, it may become epidemic. Shigellosis was a sporadic disease in South Korea for many years, until 1998.
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The 2019–2020 measles outbreaks showed a normally endemic disease causing an epidemic outbreak, primarily among unvaccinated people. [3] Epidemic A new disease that is spreading or a previously endemic disease whose infection rate is increasing significantly. [8] [11] Seasonal flu frequently appears as an epidemic. [8] Pandemic
AKI - the other main type of kidney disease - can be caused by dehydration, blood loss, urinary tract obstructions such as kidney stones or blood clots, low blood pressure, or heart disease. It ...
It is used in hypothetical predictions and during actual outbreaks of disease. An at-risk population is defined as one that has no immunity to the attacking pathogen, which can be either a novel pathogen or an established pathogen. It is used to project the number of infections to expect during an epidemic. This aids in marshalling resources ...