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Runoff occurs when there is more water than land can absorb. The excess liquid flows across the surface of the land and into nearby creeks, streams , or ponds. Runoff can come from both natural processes and human activity.
When it rains, some water is absorbed into the sponge (infiltration) while some runs off the surface of the sponge and into the stream (runoff). Let's do a thought experiment to understand the impacts of urban development on surface runoff.
Surface runoff (also known as overland flow or terrestrial runoff) is the unconfined flow of water over the ground surface, in contrast to channel runoff (or stream flow). It occurs when excess rainwater, stormwater, meltwater, or other sources, can no longer sufficiently rapidly infiltrate in the soil.
A portion of the precipitation seeps into the ground to replenish Earth's groundwater. Most of it flows downhill as runoff. Runoff is extremely important in that not only does it keep rivers and lakes full of water, but it also changes the landscape by the action of erosion.
Runoff is the flow of water across the earth, and is a major component in the hydrological cycle. Runoff that flows over land before reaching a watercourse is referred to as surface runoff or overland flow. Once in a watercourse, runoff is referred to as streamflow, channel runoff, or river runoff. Urban runoff is surface runoff created by ...
Runoff is the excess water that flows over the land surface instead of being absorbed into groundwater or evaporating. It is a major component of the water cycle. A land area that produces runoff draining to a common point is called a watershed.
The definition of runoff is the movement of water over or through land to join an established waterbody. There are three types of runoff: surface runoff (water flows above...