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The Golgi tendon reflex operates as a protective feedback mechanism to control the tension of an active muscle by causing relaxation before the tendon tension becomes high enough to cause damage. [7] First, as a load is placed on the muscle, the afferent neuron from the Golgi tendon organ fires into the central nervous system .
This reflex is observed in patients with upper motor neuron lesions. It was frequently attributed to the action of the golgi tendon organ, likely because of early studies showing that tendon organs are activated by strong muscle stretch and inhibit motor neurons of the stretched muscle. It was thought that this was a protective reflex ...
The Golgi tendon organ (GTO) (also called Golgi organ, tendon organ, neurotendinous organ or neurotendinous spindle) is a proprioceptor – a type of sensory receptor that senses changes in muscle tension. It lies at the interface between a muscle and its tendon known as the musculotendinous junction also known as the myotendinous junction. [1]
The Golgi tendon reflex is a response to extensive tension on a tendon. [7] It helps avoid strong muscle contractions which could tear the tendon from either the muscle or bone. [ 7 ] In sports, quick movements can damage the tendon before the reflex can occur. [ 7 ]
Camillo Golgi (Italian: [kaˈmillo ˈɡɔldʒi]; 7 July 1843 – 21 January 1926) was an Italian biologist and pathologist known for his works on the central nervous system.He studied medicine at the University of Pavia (where he later spent most of his professional career) between 1860 and 1868 under the tutelage of Cesare Lombroso.
Golgi tendon organ: II: Aβ: 6–12 μm: Yes: 33–75 m/s: All cutaneous mechanoreceptors including pacinian corpuscles: III Aδ: 1–5 μm: Thin: 3–30 m/s: Free nerve endings of touch and pressure Nociceptors of neospinothalamic tract Cold thermoreceptors: IV C: 0.2–1.5 μm: No: 0.5–2.0 m/s: Nociceptors of paleospinothalamic tract Warmth ...
Glabellar reflex; Golgi tendon reflex; Hanger reflex - reflex of unclear purpose that causes the head to rotate to the right when the top sides of the head are under pressure, named because it can be easily activated with a coat hanger; Hering–Breuer reflex — is a reflex triggered to prevent over-inflation of the lung
Muscle spindles relay information regarding muscle stretch, Golgi tendon organs relay information regarding tendon force, and gamma motoneurons modulate muscle spindle feedback. Afferent signals from spindles and tendon organs are integrated in the spinal cord, which then output muscle activation commands to muscle via alpha motoneurons.