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Genu varum (also called bow-leggedness, bandiness, bandy-leg, and tibia vara) is a varus deformity marked by (outward) bowing at the knee, which means that the lower leg is angled inward in relation to the thigh's axis, giving the limb overall the appearance of an archer's bow.
Blount disease is named after Walter Putnam Blount (1900–1992), an American pediatric orthopedic surgeon, who described it in 1937. [ 13 ] [ 14 ] It has also been known as Mau-Nilsonne syndrome, after C. Mau and H. Nilsonne, who published early case reports of the condition.
Generally, diseases outlined within the ICD-10 codes Q65-Q79 within Chapter XVII: Congenital malformations, deformations and chromosomal abnormalities should be included in this category. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Congenital diseases and disorders of musculoskeletal system .
Knee: genu varum (from Latin genu = knee) — the tibia is turned inward in relation to the femur, resulting in a bowlegged deformity. Ankle: talipes varus (from Latin talus = ankle and pes = foot). A notable subtype is clubfoot or talipes equinovarus, which is where one or both feet are rotated inwards and downwards. [6] [7]
Surgery may be necessary to treat misalignment of the hip (osteotomy of the pelvis or the collum femoris) and, in some cases, malformation (e.g., genu varum or genu valgum). [19] In some cases, total hip replacement may be necessary. However, surgery is not always necessary or appropriate. [20]
These defects are more likely to be unilateral than bilateral, more likely to affect the upper limbs than lower limbs, and are associated with complex genetic syndromes about 10% of the time. [3] A wide variety of abnormalities of the hands and feet, including the nails and the creases of the hand, have been described and differentiated. [4]
The British Pediatric Association Classification of Diseases is a system of diagnostic codes used for pediatrics. An extension to ICD-9 was published in 1979. [1] [2] An extension to ICD-10 has also been published. [3] It is the basis for the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's six digit codes for reportable congenital conditions. [4]
A valgus deformity is a condition in which the bone segment distal to a joint is angled outward, that is, angled laterally, away from the body's midline. [1] The opposite deformation, where the twist or angulation is directed medially, toward the center of the body, is called varus.