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Some of the symptoms that could possibly occur as a result of a withdrawal from benzodiazepines after long-term use include emotional clouding, [1] flu-like symptoms, [5] suicide, [11] nausea, headaches, dizziness, irritability, lethargy, sleep problems, memory impairment, personality changes, aggression, depression, social deterioration as ...
Use of benzodiazepines including diazepam in late pregnancy, especially high doses, can result in floppy infant syndrome. [63] Diazepam when taken late in pregnancy, during the third trimester , causes a definite risk of a severe benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome in the neonate with symptoms including hypotonia , and reluctance to suck, to ...
High doses of many shorter-acting benzodiazepines may also cause anterograde amnesia and dissociation. [4] These properties make benzodiazepines useful in treating anxiety , panic disorder , insomnia , agitation , seizures , muscle spasms , alcohol withdrawal and as a premedication for medical or dental procedures. [ 5 ]
Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome (BZD withdrawal) is the cluster of signs and symptoms that may emerge when a person who has been taking benzodiazepines as prescribed develops a physical dependence on them and then reduces the dose or stops taking them without a safe taper schedule.
The changes are most notable with long acting benzodiazepines as these are prone to significant accumulation in such individuals and can lead to withdrawal symptoms. [citation needed] For example, the equivalent dose of diazepam in an elderly individual on lorazepam may be half of what would be expected in a younger individual.
It is characterized by sleep disturbance, tremors, increased anxiety and tension, headache, muscular stiffness and pain, which may last 10–14 days. [13] To avoid the problem, withdrawal of benzodiazepines should be carried out at a slow reduction rate, which is determined by the initial dose, duration of use and patient tolerance, but not ...
The higher the dose and the longer the drug is taken, the greater the risk of experiencing unpleasant withdrawal symptoms. Withdrawal symptoms can also occur from standard dosages and after short-term use. Abrupt withdrawal from therapeutic doses of temazepam after long-term use may result in a severe benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome.
The risk factors for dependence include dependent personality, use of a benzodiazepine that is short-acting, high potency and long-term use of benzodiazepines. Withdrawal symptoms from midazolam can range from insomnia and anxiety to seizures and psychosis. Withdrawal symptoms can sometimes resemble a person's underlying condition.