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The cause is typically a bacterial infection and less commonly a fungal infection. [1] Risk factors include valvular heart disease, including rheumatic disease, congenital heart disease, artificial valves, hemodialysis, intravenous drug use, and electronic pacemakers. [6] [7] [5] The bacteria most commonly involved are streptococci or ...
Viral cardiomyopathy occurs when viral infections cause myocarditis with a resulting thickening of the myocardium and dilation of the ventricles. These viruses include Coxsackie B and adenovirus, echoviruses, influenza H1N1, Epstein–Barr virus, rubella (German measles virus), varicella (chickenpox virus), mumps, measles, parvoviruses, yellow fever, dengue fever, polio, rabies, and the ...
The cause is typically a bacterial infection and less commonly a fungal infection. [3] Risk factors include valvular heart disease including rheumatic disease, congenital heart disease, artificial valves, hemodialysis, intravenous drug use, and electronic pacemakers. [5] The bacteria most commonly involved are streptococci or staphylococci. [3]
Recurrent bouts of rheumatic fever can lead to valvular heart disease. Heart complications may be long-term and severe, particularly if valves are involved. In countries in Southeast-Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and Oceania, the percentage of people with rheumatic heart disease detected by listening to the heart was 2.9 per 1000 children and by ...
The disease is the leading cause of acquired heart disease in children in developed countries, which include the formation of coronary artery aneurysms and myocarditis. [ 1 ] [ 7 ] While the specific cause is unknown, it is thought to result from an excessive immune response to particular infections in children who are genetically predisposed ...
Clinical course tends to be more severe than with Kawasaki disease. [48] A child's condition can deteriorate rapidly, even in the presence of reassuring laboratory findings. [21] Many children develop shock and heart failure. [7] Most require paediatric intensive care. [7] Supplemental oxygen is often needed, and mechanical ventilation is ...
Other strains of streptococci can cause subacute endocarditis as well. These include streptococcus intermedius, which can cause acute or subacute infection (about 15% of cases pertaining to infective endocarditis). [7] Enterococci from urinary tract infections and coagulase negative staphylococci can also be causative agents. [5]
Acutely, it can cause pericardial effusion leading to cardiac tamponade and death. After healing, there may be fibrosis and adhesion of the pericardium with the heart leading to constriction of the heart and reduced cardiac function. Myocarditis: Here the muscle bulk of the heart gets inflamed. Inflamed muscles have reduced functional capacity.