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The Caucasian War (1817–1864) was the bloodiest phase of the broader Russo-Caucasian conflict. [50] Imam Shamil , a Dagestani leader of Avar descent, became a central figure in the North Caucasian resistance when he proclaimed the Caucasian Imamate in 1834, [ 51 ] seeking to unify the region’s ethnic and religious groups, including the ...
The war in the Eastern part of the North Caucasus ended in 1859; the Russians captured Shamil, forced him to surrender, to swear allegiance to the Tsar, and then exiled him to Central Russia. However, the war in the Western part of the North Caucasus resumed with the Circassians (i.e. Adyghe, but the term is often used to include their Abaza ...
Russia also annexed Kerch on the west side of the Kerch Strait. In 1783 Russia annexed Crimea. During the Russo-Turkish War (1787–92) it tried three times to take Anapa. The last attempt was successful, but Anapa was returned at the end of the war. In 1800 Russia annexed eastern Georgia and in 1803 reached the Black Sea coast.
War Minister Enver Pasha hoped a success would facilitate opening the route to Tiflis and beyond with a revolt of Caucasian Muslims. [19] The Ottoman strategic goal was to cut Russian access to the hydrocarbon resources around the Caspian Sea. [21] Russia viewed the Caucasus front as secondary to the Eastern (European) front. The Eastern Front ...
A 1773 map of northwestern America based on reports from Russian explorers. The earliest written accounts indicate that the Eurasian Russians were the first Europeans to reach Alaska. There is an unofficial assumption that Eurasian Slavic navigators reached the coast of Alaska long before the 18th century.
Geographic map of the Caucasus. Pan-Caucasianism is a political current supporting the cooperation and integration of some or all peoples of the Caucasus.Pan-Caucasianism has been hindered by the ethnic, religious and cultural diversity of the Caucasus, and frequent regional conflicts.
The history of the Caucasus region may be divided by geography into the history of the North Caucasus (Ciscaucasia), historically in the sphere of influence of Scythia and of Southern Russia (Eastern Europe), and that of the South Caucasus (Transcaucasia; Caucasian Albania, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan) in the sphere of influence of Persia ...
Saparov, Arsène (2015), From Conflict to Autonomy in the Caucasus: The Soviet Union and the making of Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Nagorno Karabakh, New York City: Routledge; Storozhenko (ed.), Ingushetia and Chechen Republic Map, Northern Caucasian Aerogeodesic Company of Roskartografia, Russia, 1995.