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For example, chlorination and bromination of naphthalene proceeds without a catalyst to give 1-chloronaphthalene and 1-bromonaphthalene, respectively. Likewise, whereas both benzene and naphthalene can be alkylated using Friedel–Crafts reaction conditions, naphthalene can also be easily alkylated by reaction with alkenes or alcohols , using ...
The reaction proceeds through generation of an acylium center. The reaction is completed by deprotonation of the arenium ion by AlCl 4 −, regenerating the AlCl 3 catalyst. However, in contrast to the truly catalytic alkylation reaction, the formed ketone is a moderate Lewis base, which forms a complex with the strong Lewis acid aluminum ...
2-Chloronaphthalene is obtained directly by chlorination of naphthalene, with the formation of more highly substituted derivatives such as dichloro- and trichloronaphthalenes, in addition to the two monochlorinated isomeric compounds: 1-chloronaphthalene and 2-chloronaphthalene.
The reagent removes pairs of H atoms from organic molecules. The stoichiometry of its action is illustrated by the conversion of tetralin to naphthalene: 2 C 6 Cl 2 (CN) 2 O 2 + C 10 H 12 → 2 C 6 Cl 2 (CN) 2 (OH) 2 + C 10 H 8. The resulting hydroquinone is poorly soluble in typical reaction solvents (dioxane, benzene, alkanes), which ...
The most commonly employed Sandmeyer reactions are the chlorination, bromination, cyanation, and hydroxylation reactions using CuCl, CuBr, CuCN, and Cu 2 O, respectively. More recently, trifluoromethylation of diazonium salts has been developed and is referred to as a 'Sandmeyer-type' reaction.
The reaction mechanism for chlorination of benzene is the same as bromination of benzene. Iron(III) bromide and iron(III) chloride become inactivated if they react with water, including moisture in the air. Therefore, they are generated by adding iron filings to bromine or chlorine. Here is the mechanism of this reaction:
Polychlorinated naphthalene (PCN) are the products obtained upon treatment of naphthalene with chlorine. The generic chemical formula is C 10 H 8−(m+n) Cl (m+n). Commercial PCNs are mixtures of up to 75 components and byproducts. [1] The material is an oil or a waxy solid, depending on the degree of chlorination.
Reaction scheme of the photochlorination of the methyl group of toluene. Photochlorination is a chlorination reaction that is initiated by light. Usually a C-H bond is converted to a C-Cl bond. Photochlorination is carried out on an industrial scale.