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In software development, frontend refers to the presentation layer that users interact with, while backend involves the data management and processing behind the scenes. In the client–server model, the client is usually considered the frontend, handling user-facing tasks, and the server is the backend, managing data and logic.
Application software is any computer program that is intended for end-user use – not operating, administering or programming the computer. An application ( app , application program , software application ) is any program that can be categorized as application software.
This enables an application to be run on different hardware without needing to be rewritten. [12] Application software runs on top of the operating system and uses the computer's resources to perform a task. [13] There are many different types of application software because the range of tasks that can be performed with modern computers is so ...
The user enters input (data) into the front-end process where it is collected and processed in such a way that it conforms to what the receiving application (back end) on the server can accept and process. As an example, the user enters a URL into a GUI (front-end process) such as Microsoft Internet Explorer. The GUI then processes the URL in ...
The operating system provides an interface between an application program and the computer hardware, so that an application program can interact with the hardware only by obeying rules and procedures programmed into the operating system. The operating system is also a set of services which simplify development and execution of application programs.
For example, many mature banking applications were written in the language COBOL, invented in 1959. Newer applications are often written in more modern languages. System software – provides the basic functions for computer usage and helps run the computer hardware and system. It includes a combination of the following:
A computer program written in an imperative language. Imperative languages specify a sequential algorithm using declarations, expressions, and statements: [52] A declaration introduces a variable name to the computer program and assigns it to a datatype [53] – for example: var x: integer; An expression yields a value – for example: 2 + 2 ...
The runtime environment includes not only accessible state values, but also active entities with which the program can interact during execution. For example, environment variables are features of many operating systems, and are part of the runtime environment; a running program can access them via the runtime system. Likewise, hardware devices ...