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The name Zoroaster (Ζωροάστηρ) is a Greek rendering of the Avestan name Zarathustra.He is known as Zartosht and Zardosht in Persian and Zaratosht in Gujarati. [14] The Zoroastrian name of the religion is Mazdayasna, which combines Mazda-with the Avestan word yasna, meaning "worship, devotion". [15]
A 12,000 year chronology places the end date at around 2400-2500 AD, which is why modern Zoroastrians believe they are living in the end few hundred years of the final era. [citation needed] Other dates for Zoroaster, however, differ and dates proposed for Zoroaster's birth range from 1750 to 500 BC.
By the late 20th century, most scholars had settled on an origin in eastern Greater Iran. Gnoli proposed Sistan, Baluchistan (though in a much wider scope than the present-day province) as the homeland of Zoroastrianism; Frye voted for Bactria and Chorasmia; [58] Khlopin suggests the Tedzen Delta in present-day Turkmenistan. [59]
Consequently, three possible dates – 716, 765, and 936 – have been proposed as the year of landing, and the disagreement has been the cause of "many an intense battle ... amongst Parsis". [59] Since dates are not specifically mentioned in Parsi texts prior to the 18th century, any date of arrival is perforce a matter of speculation.
The new nation-state and the people now started to view the ancient history with pride. [25] Since Zoroastrianism is an ancient pre-Islamic religion, it was now glorified as the historic and original Iranian religion.
The oldest surviving fragment of a text dates to 1323 CE. [2] The Avesta texts fall into several different categories, arranged either by dialect, or by usage. The principal text in the liturgical group is the Yasna, which takes its name from the Yasna ceremony, Zoroastrianism's primary act of worship, at which the Yasna text is recited
Mazdak was the chief representative of a religious and philosophical teaching called Mazdakism, which he viewed as a reformed and purified version of Zoroastrianism, [1] [2] although his teaching has been argued to display influences from Manichaeism, the Carpocratians, and Plato's Republic as well.
Vishtaspa is referred to in the Gathas, the oldest texts of Zoroastrianism which were considered to have been composed by Zoroaster himself.In these hymns, the poet speaks of Vishtaspa as his ally (Yasna 46. 14), follower of the path of Vohu Manah (Y.