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The Irish Republican Army (IRA; Irish: Óglaigh na hÉireann [2]) was an Irish republican revolutionary paramilitary organisation. The ancestor of many groups also known as the Irish Republican Army, and distinguished from them as the "Old IRA", it was descended from the Irish Volunteers, an organisation established on 25 November 1913 that staged the Easter Rising in April 1916. [3]
The Irish War of Independence (Irish: Cogadh na Saoirse), [2] also known as the Anglo-Irish War, was a guerrilla war fought in Ireland from 1919 to 1921 between the Irish Republican Army (IRA, the army of the Irish Republic) and British forces: the British Army, along with the quasi-military Royal Irish Constabulary (RIC) and its paramilitary forces the Auxiliaries and Ulster Special ...
In the century that followed, the original IRA was reorganised, changed and split on multiple occasions, to such a degree that many subsequent paramilitary organisations have been known by that title – most notably the Provisional Irish Republican Army, which was a key participant during the Troubles in Northern Ireland. The contemporary IRA ...
The First Dáil Éireann unilaterally declared sovereignty over the island of Ireland. [8] Unwilling to negotiate any understanding with Britain short of complete independence, the Irish Republican Army, the army of the newly declared Irish Republic, waged a guerilla war (the Irish War of Independence) from 1919 to 1921.
The Anglo-Irish Treaty was signed on 6 December 1921 and narrowly ratified by Dáil Éireann (the Irish Parliament) on 7 January 1922. [1] [2]Although the Treaty was negotiated by Michael Collins, the de facto leader of the IRA, and had been approved by the Irish Republican Brotherhood, the IRA's senior ranking officers were deeply divided over the decision of the Dáil to ratify the Treaty.
Kevin Coen (1947-1975), killed by British Army members; Eamon Collins (1954-1999), became an informant in the late 1980s and was stabbed to death at his home in Northern Ireland; Colombia Three (Niall Connolly, James Monaghan, Martin McCauley) Eddie Copeland; Marion Coyle (born 1954), took part in the kidnapping of Dr. Tiede Herrema
During the Irish revolutionary period (1912-1923) and later Soviet Comintern trained Marxist operatives including Betty Sinclair and other Marxists like Michael O'Riordan would play roles in the establishment of Fronts and provocative agitation activities which led to the ignition of The Troubles (late 1960s - 1998) [citation needed] in which there were varying degrees of collaboration and ...
The Irish Republican Army (IRA) of 1922–1969 was a sub-group of the original pre-1922 Irish Republican Army, characterised by its opposition to the Anglo-Irish Treaty.It existed in various forms until 1969, when the IRA split again into the Provisional IRA and Official IRA.