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Beyond 30 degrees, the quadriceps tendon and patellar ligament pull the patella posterior into the groove of the knee joint making lateral dislocation of the patella unlikely. Dislocation recurs in about 15–44% of cases, [4] and symptoms continue in about half. Recurrence of a laterally displaced patella is more common as the incidence of ...
The adductor magnus tendon is an excellent, consistent landmark because it is rarely injured. The vastus medialis obliquus muscle courses over the anteromedial thigh, attaching along the adductor magnus anterior border and to the quadratus femoris tendon.
Symptoms include pain during sports movements, particularly hip extension, and twisting and turning. This pain usually radiates to the adductor muscle region and even the testicles, although it is often difficult for the patient to pin-point the exact location. Following sporting activity the person with athletic pubalgia will be stiff and sore.
Generally, the muscle or tendon overstretches and is placed under more physical stress than it can withstand. [1] Strains commonly result in a partial or complete tear of a tendon or muscle, or they can be severe in the form of a complete tendon rupture. Strains most commonly occur in the foot, leg, or back. [3]
The three tendons, from front to back, that conjoin to form the pes anserinus come from the sartorius muscle, the gracilis muscle, and the semitendinosus muscle. [1] [2] It inserts onto the proximal anteromedial surface of the tibia. [2] The pes anserinus is around 5 cm below the medial tibial joint line. [2]
The rectus femoris tendon can cause a fragment of anterior inferior iliac spine of the hip to avulse in what is known as an avulsion fracture. This is due to forceful contraction of the muscle that generates a force greater than that which holds the bone together. This is a well recognized, but unusual sports injury that can affect young ...
An anterior cruciate ligament injury occurs when the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is either stretched, partially torn, or completely torn. [1] The most common injury is a complete tear. [1] Symptoms include pain, an audible cracking sound during injury, instability of the knee, and joint swelling. [1]
The adductor reflex is elicited by tapping over either the medial epicondyle of the femur or the medial condyle of the tibia, which should cause the adductor muscles of the hip to contract, moving the leg inwards. [2] The sign was described by John G Hannington-Kiff in 1980. [3]