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The U.S. Governmental Accountability Office states: "Non-federally recognized tribes fall into two distinct categories: (1) state-recognized tribes that are not also federally recognized and (2) other groups that self-identify as Indian tribes but are neither federally nor state recognized." [1] The following list includes the latter.
A map of California tribal groups and languages at the time of European contact. The Indigenous peoples of California are the Indigenous inhabitants who have previously lived or currently live within the current boundaries of California before and after the arrival of Europeans.
[2] [non-primary source needed] The current Tribal President of the Fernandeño Tataviam Band of Mission Indians is Rudy Ortega Jr., who is a descendant of the village of Tochonanga. [3] [4] The Tataviam are a not federally recognized, which has prevented the tribe from being seen as sovereign and erased the identity of tribal members.
Tribes on the coast of northwest California, like the Miwok, Yurok, and Yokut, had contact with Russian explorers and seafarers in the late 18th century. [26] In remote interior regions, some tribes did not meet non-natives until the mid-19th century. [19]: 114
These are modern organizations formed by United States citizens that claim to be Native American tribes and claim Native American ancestry but are not federally recognized tribes or state-recognized tribes. These include tribes whose recognition was terminated by the U.S. federal government and never reinstated.
State-recognized tribes may request the repatriation of cultural items or human remains only in cooperation with federally recognized tribes. [16] Other federal Indian legislation does not apply to state-recognized tribes. For example, Indian Preference in hiring [17] and the Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978 do not apply to these organizations ...
The act was created to implement the same repatriation expectations for state-funded institutions, museums, repositories, or collections as those federally supported through NAGPRA. Cal NAGPRA also supports non-federally recognized tribes within California that were exempt from legal rights to repatriation under the federal NAGPRA act. [1]
There are also federally recognized Alaska Native tribes. As of January 8, 2024, 574 Indian tribes were legally recognized by the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA) of the United States. [1] [2] Of these, 228 are located in Alaska and 109 are located in California. 346 of the 574 federally recognized tribes are located in the contiguous United ...