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Limonene (/ ˈ l ɪ m ə n ˌ iː n /) is a colorless liquid aliphatic hydrocarbon classified as a cyclic monoterpene, and is the major component in the essential oil of citrus fruit peels. [1] The (+)- isomer , occurring more commonly in nature as the fragrance of oranges, is a flavoring agent in food manufacturing.
Carvone may be synthetically prepared from limonene by first treating limonene nitrosyl chloride. Heating this nitroso compound gives carvoxime. Treating carvoxime with oxalic acid yields carvone. [14] This procedure affords R-(−)-carvone from R-(+)-limonene. The major use of d-limonene is as a precursor to S-(+)-carvone. The large scale ...
D-Limonene, a terpene. Solvents in a diverse class of natural substances called terpenes are obtained by extraction from certain parts of plants. All terpenes are structurally presented as multiples of isoprene with the gross formula (C 5 H 8) n. D-limonene, a monoterpene, is one of the best known solvents in this class, as is turpentine.
Orange oil, particularly its primary component d-limonene, is registered with the EPA as an active ingredient in products for the extermination of drywood termites, Formosan termites, and other structural pests. [8] It is a common alternative to traditional fumigation methods due to its lower toxicity and the convenience of local chemical ...
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Limonene and perillyl alcohol are used in cleaning products. [13] [14] Many monoterpenes are used as food flavors and food additives, such as bornyl acetate, citral, eucalyptol, menthol, hinokitiol, camphene and limonene. [15] [16] Menthol, hinokitiol and thymol are also used in oral hygiene products. Thymol also has antiseptic and disinfectant ...
The autoignition temperature or self-ignition temperature, often called spontaneous ignition temperature or minimum ignition temperature (or shortly ignition temperature) and formerly also known as kindling point, of a substance is the lowest temperature at which it spontaneously ignites in a normal atmosphere without an external source of ignition, such as a flame or spark. [1]
The creation of sparks from metals is based on the pyrophoricity of small metal particles, and pyrophoric alloys are made for this purpose. [2] Practical applications include the sparking mechanisms in lighters and various toys, using ferrocerium; starting fires without matches, using a firesteel; the flintlock mechanism in firearms; and spark testing ferrous metals.